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Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels
[Image: see text] The 3D printability of poly(l-lysine-ran-l-alanine) and four-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (P(KA)/4-PEG) hydrogels as 3D biomaterial inks was investigated using two approaches to develop P(KA)/4-PEG into 3D biomaterial inks. Only the “composite microgel” inks were 3D printable. In this...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Chemical Society
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8908529/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284718 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c05873 |
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author | Giliomee, Johnel du Toit, Lisa C. Klumperman, Bert Choonara, Yahya E. |
author_facet | Giliomee, Johnel du Toit, Lisa C. Klumperman, Bert Choonara, Yahya E. |
author_sort | Giliomee, Johnel |
collection | PubMed |
description | [Image: see text] The 3D printability of poly(l-lysine-ran-l-alanine) and four-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (P(KA)/4-PEG) hydrogels as 3D biomaterial inks was investigated using two approaches to develop P(KA)/4-PEG into 3D biomaterial inks. Only the “composite microgel” inks were 3D printable. In this approach, P(KA)/4-PEG hydrogels were processed into microparticles and incorporated into a polymer solution to produce a composite microgel paste. Polymer solutions composed of either 4-arm PEG-acrylate (4-PEG-Ac), chitosan (CS), or poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were used as the matrix material for the composite paste. The three respective composite microgel inks displayed good 3D printability in terms of extrudability, layer-stacking ability, solidification mechanism, and 3D print fidelity. The biocompatibility of P(KA)/4-PEG hydrogels was retained in the 3D printed scaffolds, and the biofunctionality of bioinert 4-PEG and PVA hydrogels was enhanced. CS-P(KA)/4-PEG inks demonstrated excellent 3D printability and proved highly successful in printing scaffolds with a narrow strand diameter (∼200 μm) and narrow strand spacing (∼500 μm) while the integrity of the vertical and horizontal pores was maintained. Using different needle IDs and strand spacing, certain physical properties of the hydrogels could be tuned, while the 3D printed porosity was kept constant. This included the surface area to volume ratio, the macropore sizes, and the mechanical properties. The scaffolds demonstrated adequate adhesion and spreading of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts seeded on the scaffold surfaces for 4 days. Consequently, the scaffolds were considered suitable for potential applications in wound healing, as well as other soft tissue engineering applications. Apart from the contribution to new 3D biomaterial inks, this work also presented a new and facile method of processing covalently cross-linked hydrogels into 3D printed scaffolds. This could potentially “unlock” the 3D printability of biofunctional hydrogels, which are generally excluded from 3D printing applications. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8908529 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | American Chemical Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89085292022-03-11 Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels Giliomee, Johnel du Toit, Lisa C. Klumperman, Bert Choonara, Yahya E. ACS Omega [Image: see text] The 3D printability of poly(l-lysine-ran-l-alanine) and four-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (P(KA)/4-PEG) hydrogels as 3D biomaterial inks was investigated using two approaches to develop P(KA)/4-PEG into 3D biomaterial inks. Only the “composite microgel” inks were 3D printable. In this approach, P(KA)/4-PEG hydrogels were processed into microparticles and incorporated into a polymer solution to produce a composite microgel paste. Polymer solutions composed of either 4-arm PEG-acrylate (4-PEG-Ac), chitosan (CS), or poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were used as the matrix material for the composite paste. The three respective composite microgel inks displayed good 3D printability in terms of extrudability, layer-stacking ability, solidification mechanism, and 3D print fidelity. The biocompatibility of P(KA)/4-PEG hydrogels was retained in the 3D printed scaffolds, and the biofunctionality of bioinert 4-PEG and PVA hydrogels was enhanced. CS-P(KA)/4-PEG inks demonstrated excellent 3D printability and proved highly successful in printing scaffolds with a narrow strand diameter (∼200 μm) and narrow strand spacing (∼500 μm) while the integrity of the vertical and horizontal pores was maintained. Using different needle IDs and strand spacing, certain physical properties of the hydrogels could be tuned, while the 3D printed porosity was kept constant. This included the surface area to volume ratio, the macropore sizes, and the mechanical properties. The scaffolds demonstrated adequate adhesion and spreading of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts seeded on the scaffold surfaces for 4 days. Consequently, the scaffolds were considered suitable for potential applications in wound healing, as well as other soft tissue engineering applications. Apart from the contribution to new 3D biomaterial inks, this work also presented a new and facile method of processing covalently cross-linked hydrogels into 3D printed scaffolds. This could potentially “unlock” the 3D printability of biofunctional hydrogels, which are generally excluded from 3D printing applications. American Chemical Society 2022-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8908529/ /pubmed/35284718 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c05873 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Giliomee, Johnel du Toit, Lisa C. Klumperman, Bert Choonara, Yahya E. Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels |
title | Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently
Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels |
title_full | Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently
Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels |
title_fullStr | Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently
Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels |
title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently
Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels |
title_short | Investigation of the 3D Printability of Covalently
Cross-Linked Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels |
title_sort | investigation of the 3d printability of covalently
cross-linked polypeptide-based hydrogels |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8908529/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35284718 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c05873 |
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