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Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases

The mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract possesses an effective “defense barrier” against the invading pathogenic microorganisms; therefore, the lungs of healthy organisms are considered to be sterile for a long time according to the strong pathogens-eliminating ability. The emergence of n...

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Autores principales: Li, Zongjie, Li, Yuhao, Sun, Qing, Wei, Jianchao, Li, Beibei, Qiu, Yafeng, Liu, Ke, Shao, Donghua, Ma, Zhiyong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909000/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269538
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050916
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author Li, Zongjie
Li, Yuhao
Sun, Qing
Wei, Jianchao
Li, Beibei
Qiu, Yafeng
Liu, Ke
Shao, Donghua
Ma, Zhiyong
author_facet Li, Zongjie
Li, Yuhao
Sun, Qing
Wei, Jianchao
Li, Beibei
Qiu, Yafeng
Liu, Ke
Shao, Donghua
Ma, Zhiyong
author_sort Li, Zongjie
collection PubMed
description The mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract possesses an effective “defense barrier” against the invading pathogenic microorganisms; therefore, the lungs of healthy organisms are considered to be sterile for a long time according to the strong pathogens-eliminating ability. The emergence of next-generation sequencing technology has accelerated the studies about the microbial communities and immune regulating functions of lung microbiota during the past two decades. The acquisition and maturation of respiratory microbiota during childhood are mainly determined by the birth mode, diet structure, environmental exposure and antibiotic usage. However, the formation and development of lung microbiota in early life might affect the occurrence of respiratory diseases throughout the whole life cycle. The interplay and crosstalk between the gut and lung can be realized by the direct exchange of microbial species through the lymph circulation, moreover, the bioactive metabolites produced by the gut microbiota and lung microbiota can be changed via blood circulation. Complicated interactions among the lung microbiota, the respiratory viruses, and the host immune system can regulate the immune homeostasis and affect the inflammatory response in the lung. Probiotics, prebiotics, functional foods and fecal microbiota transplantation can all be used to maintain the microbial homeostasis of intestinal microbiota and lung microbiota. Therefore, various kinds of interventions on manipulating the symbiotic microbiota might be explored as novel effective strategies to prevent and control respiratory diseases.
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spelling pubmed-89090002022-03-11 Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases Li, Zongjie Li, Yuhao Sun, Qing Wei, Jianchao Li, Beibei Qiu, Yafeng Liu, Ke Shao, Donghua Ma, Zhiyong Cells Review The mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract possesses an effective “defense barrier” against the invading pathogenic microorganisms; therefore, the lungs of healthy organisms are considered to be sterile for a long time according to the strong pathogens-eliminating ability. The emergence of next-generation sequencing technology has accelerated the studies about the microbial communities and immune regulating functions of lung microbiota during the past two decades. The acquisition and maturation of respiratory microbiota during childhood are mainly determined by the birth mode, diet structure, environmental exposure and antibiotic usage. However, the formation and development of lung microbiota in early life might affect the occurrence of respiratory diseases throughout the whole life cycle. The interplay and crosstalk between the gut and lung can be realized by the direct exchange of microbial species through the lymph circulation, moreover, the bioactive metabolites produced by the gut microbiota and lung microbiota can be changed via blood circulation. Complicated interactions among the lung microbiota, the respiratory viruses, and the host immune system can regulate the immune homeostasis and affect the inflammatory response in the lung. Probiotics, prebiotics, functional foods and fecal microbiota transplantation can all be used to maintain the microbial homeostasis of intestinal microbiota and lung microbiota. Therefore, various kinds of interventions on manipulating the symbiotic microbiota might be explored as novel effective strategies to prevent and control respiratory diseases. MDPI 2022-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8909000/ /pubmed/35269538 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050916 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Li, Zongjie
Li, Yuhao
Sun, Qing
Wei, Jianchao
Li, Beibei
Qiu, Yafeng
Liu, Ke
Shao, Donghua
Ma, Zhiyong
Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases
title Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases
title_full Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases
title_fullStr Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases
title_short Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases
title_sort targeting the pulmonary microbiota to fight against respiratory diseases
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909000/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269538
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050916
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