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Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Cell developmental programs used in wound healing and development such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are frequently coopted by solid tumors to increase motility, plasticity, and invasive characteristics which promote metastasis. Identifying and quantifying the pre...

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Autores principales: Brown, Meredith S., Muller, Kristen E., Pattabiraman, Diwakar R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909103/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35267444
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14051138
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author Brown, Meredith S.
Muller, Kristen E.
Pattabiraman, Diwakar R.
author_facet Brown, Meredith S.
Muller, Kristen E.
Pattabiraman, Diwakar R.
author_sort Brown, Meredith S.
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: Cell developmental programs used in wound healing and development such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are frequently coopted by solid tumors to increase motility, plasticity, and invasive characteristics which promote metastasis. Identifying and quantifying the presence and extent of these programs can help to aid in patient prognosis and dictate therapeutic decision making. Here, we review the methods and findings to detect and quantify these cellular transitions in both laboratory and clinical settings. ABSTRACT: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal, the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) are critical components of the metastatic cascade in breast cancer and many other solid tumor types. Recent work has uncovered the presence of a variety of states encompassed within the EMT spectrum, each of which may play unique roles or work collectively to impact tumor progression. However, defining EMT status is not routinely carried out to determine patient prognosis or dictate therapeutic decision-making in the clinic. Identifying and quantifying the presence of various EMT states within a tumor is a critical first step to scoring patient tumors to aid in determining prognosis. Here, we review the major strides taken towards translating our understanding of EMT biology from bench to bedside. We review previously used approaches including basic immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, single-cell sequencing, and multiplexed tumor mapping. Future studies will benefit from the consideration of multiple methods and combinations of markers in designing a diagnostic tool for detecting and measuring EMT in patient tumors.
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spelling pubmed-89091032022-03-11 Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside Brown, Meredith S. Muller, Kristen E. Pattabiraman, Diwakar R. Cancers (Basel) Review SIMPLE SUMMARY: Cell developmental programs used in wound healing and development such as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are frequently coopted by solid tumors to increase motility, plasticity, and invasive characteristics which promote metastasis. Identifying and quantifying the presence and extent of these programs can help to aid in patient prognosis and dictate therapeutic decision making. Here, we review the methods and findings to detect and quantify these cellular transitions in both laboratory and clinical settings. ABSTRACT: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reversal, the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) are critical components of the metastatic cascade in breast cancer and many other solid tumor types. Recent work has uncovered the presence of a variety of states encompassed within the EMT spectrum, each of which may play unique roles or work collectively to impact tumor progression. However, defining EMT status is not routinely carried out to determine patient prognosis or dictate therapeutic decision-making in the clinic. Identifying and quantifying the presence of various EMT states within a tumor is a critical first step to scoring patient tumors to aid in determining prognosis. Here, we review the major strides taken towards translating our understanding of EMT biology from bench to bedside. We review previously used approaches including basic immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, single-cell sequencing, and multiplexed tumor mapping. Future studies will benefit from the consideration of multiple methods and combinations of markers in designing a diagnostic tool for detecting and measuring EMT in patient tumors. MDPI 2022-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8909103/ /pubmed/35267444 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14051138 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Brown, Meredith S.
Muller, Kristen E.
Pattabiraman, Diwakar R.
Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside
title Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside
title_full Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside
title_fullStr Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside
title_full_unstemmed Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside
title_short Quantifying the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) from Bench to Bedside
title_sort quantifying the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (emt) from bench to bedside
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909103/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35267444
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14051138
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