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Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms

The existence of orderly structures, such as tissues and organs is made possible by cell adhesion, i.e., the process by which cells attach to neighbouring cells and a supporting substance in the form of the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is a three-dimensional structure composed of c...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bandzerewicz, Aleksandra, Gadomska-Gajadhur, Agnieszka
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050914
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author Bandzerewicz, Aleksandra
Gadomska-Gajadhur, Agnieszka
author_facet Bandzerewicz, Aleksandra
Gadomska-Gajadhur, Agnieszka
author_sort Bandzerewicz, Aleksandra
collection PubMed
description The existence of orderly structures, such as tissues and organs is made possible by cell adhesion, i.e., the process by which cells attach to neighbouring cells and a supporting substance in the form of the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is a three-dimensional structure composed of collagens, elastin, and various proteoglycans and glycoproteins. It is a storehouse for multiple signalling factors. Cells are informed of their correct connection to the matrix via receptors. Tissue disruption often prevents the natural reconstitution of the matrix. The use of appropriate implants is then required. This review is a compilation of crucial information on the structural and functional features of the extracellular matrix and the complex mechanisms of cell–cell connectivity. The possibilities of regenerating damaged tissues using an artificial matrix substitute are described, detailing the host response to the implant. An important issue is the surface properties of such an implant and the possibilities of their modification.
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spelling pubmed-89095732022-03-11 Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms Bandzerewicz, Aleksandra Gadomska-Gajadhur, Agnieszka Cells Review The existence of orderly structures, such as tissues and organs is made possible by cell adhesion, i.e., the process by which cells attach to neighbouring cells and a supporting substance in the form of the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is a three-dimensional structure composed of collagens, elastin, and various proteoglycans and glycoproteins. It is a storehouse for multiple signalling factors. Cells are informed of their correct connection to the matrix via receptors. Tissue disruption often prevents the natural reconstitution of the matrix. The use of appropriate implants is then required. This review is a compilation of crucial information on the structural and functional features of the extracellular matrix and the complex mechanisms of cell–cell connectivity. The possibilities of regenerating damaged tissues using an artificial matrix substitute are described, detailing the host response to the implant. An important issue is the surface properties of such an implant and the possibilities of their modification. MDPI 2022-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8909573/ /pubmed/35269536 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050914 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bandzerewicz, Aleksandra
Gadomska-Gajadhur, Agnieszka
Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms
title Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms
title_full Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms
title_fullStr Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms
title_short Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms
title_sort into the tissues: extracellular matrix and its artificial substitutes: cell signalling mechanisms
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050914
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