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Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring

Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy is closely associated with epigenetic changes in the child, and it affects the development of obesity throughout the child’s life. Here, we investigate the effect of fetal low protein exposure and post-weaning high-fat consumption on plasma amino acid profile...

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Autores principales: Miyoshi, Moe, Saito, Kenji, Jia, Huijuan, Kato, Hisanori
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35267386
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11050753
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author Miyoshi, Moe
Saito, Kenji
Jia, Huijuan
Kato, Hisanori
author_facet Miyoshi, Moe
Saito, Kenji
Jia, Huijuan
Kato, Hisanori
author_sort Miyoshi, Moe
collection PubMed
description Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy is closely associated with epigenetic changes in the child, and it affects the development of obesity throughout the child’s life. Here, we investigate the effect of fetal low protein exposure and post-weaning high-fat consumption on plasma amino acid profiles and hepatic gene expression. Mother C57BL/6J mice were fed a 20% (CN) or 9% (LP) casein diet during pregnancy. After birth, the male offspring of both these groups were fed a high-fat diet (HF) from 6 to 32 weeks. At 32 weeks, the final body weight between the two groups remained unchanged, but the LP-HF group showed markedly higher white fat weight and plasma leptin levels. The LP-HF group exhibited a significant increase in the concentrations of isoleucine, leucine, histidine, phenylalanine, serine, and tyrosine. However, no differences were observed in the lipid content in the liver. According to the hepatic gene expression analysis, the LP-HF group significantly upregulated genes involved in the chromatin modification/organization pathways. Thus, maternal low protein and a post-weaning high-fat environment contributed to severe obesity states and changes in gene expression related to hepatic chromatin modification in offspring. These findings provide novel insights for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases at the early life stage.
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spelling pubmed-89097312022-03-11 Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring Miyoshi, Moe Saito, Kenji Jia, Huijuan Kato, Hisanori Foods Article Maternal undernutrition during pregnancy is closely associated with epigenetic changes in the child, and it affects the development of obesity throughout the child’s life. Here, we investigate the effect of fetal low protein exposure and post-weaning high-fat consumption on plasma amino acid profiles and hepatic gene expression. Mother C57BL/6J mice were fed a 20% (CN) or 9% (LP) casein diet during pregnancy. After birth, the male offspring of both these groups were fed a high-fat diet (HF) from 6 to 32 weeks. At 32 weeks, the final body weight between the two groups remained unchanged, but the LP-HF group showed markedly higher white fat weight and plasma leptin levels. The LP-HF group exhibited a significant increase in the concentrations of isoleucine, leucine, histidine, phenylalanine, serine, and tyrosine. However, no differences were observed in the lipid content in the liver. According to the hepatic gene expression analysis, the LP-HF group significantly upregulated genes involved in the chromatin modification/organization pathways. Thus, maternal low protein and a post-weaning high-fat environment contributed to severe obesity states and changes in gene expression related to hepatic chromatin modification in offspring. These findings provide novel insights for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases at the early life stage. MDPI 2022-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8909731/ /pubmed/35267386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11050753 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Miyoshi, Moe
Saito, Kenji
Jia, Huijuan
Kato, Hisanori
Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring
title Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring
title_full Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring
title_fullStr Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring
title_full_unstemmed Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring
title_short Maternal Protein Restriction and Post-Weaning High-Fat Feeding Alter Plasma Amino Acid Profiles and Hepatic Gene Expression in Mice Offspring
title_sort maternal protein restriction and post-weaning high-fat feeding alter plasma amino acid profiles and hepatic gene expression in mice offspring
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35267386
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11050753
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