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Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods

Mast cells (MCs) are an evolutionary well-conserved type of cells, mediating and modulating allergic responses in innate immunity and tissue remodeling after chronic inflammation. Among other tissues, they inhabit both the testis and epididymis. In the testis, MCs usually appear in the interstitial...

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Autores principales: Himelreich-Perić, Marta, Katušić-Bojanac, Ana, Hohšteter, Marko, Sinčić, Nino, Mužić-Radović, Vedrana, Ježek, Davor
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269690
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052547
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author Himelreich-Perić, Marta
Katušić-Bojanac, Ana
Hohšteter, Marko
Sinčić, Nino
Mužić-Radović, Vedrana
Ježek, Davor
author_facet Himelreich-Perić, Marta
Katušić-Bojanac, Ana
Hohšteter, Marko
Sinčić, Nino
Mužić-Radović, Vedrana
Ježek, Davor
author_sort Himelreich-Perić, Marta
collection PubMed
description Mast cells (MCs) are an evolutionary well-conserved type of cells, mediating and modulating allergic responses in innate immunity and tissue remodeling after chronic inflammation. Among other tissues, they inhabit both the testis and epididymis. In the testis, MCs usually appear in the interstitial compartment in humans, but not in other standard experimental models, like rats and mice. MCs seem to be responsible for testicular tissue fibrosis in different causes of infertility. Although experimental animal models follow the effect on MC activation or penetration to the interstitial tissue like in humans to some extent, there is an inconsistency in the available literature regarding experimental design, animal strain, and detection methods used. This comprehensive review offers an insight into the literature on MCs in mammalian testes and epididymides. We aimed to find the most suitable model for research on MC and offer recommendations for future experimental designs. When using in vivo animal models, tunica albuginea incorporation and standard histological assessment need to be included. Domesticated boar strains kept in modified controlled conditions exhibit the highest similarity to the MC distribution in the human testis. 3D testicular models are promising but need further fine-tuning to become a valid model for MC investigation.
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spelling pubmed-89099512022-03-11 Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods Himelreich-Perić, Marta Katušić-Bojanac, Ana Hohšteter, Marko Sinčić, Nino Mužić-Radović, Vedrana Ježek, Davor Int J Mol Sci Review Mast cells (MCs) are an evolutionary well-conserved type of cells, mediating and modulating allergic responses in innate immunity and tissue remodeling after chronic inflammation. Among other tissues, they inhabit both the testis and epididymis. In the testis, MCs usually appear in the interstitial compartment in humans, but not in other standard experimental models, like rats and mice. MCs seem to be responsible for testicular tissue fibrosis in different causes of infertility. Although experimental animal models follow the effect on MC activation or penetration to the interstitial tissue like in humans to some extent, there is an inconsistency in the available literature regarding experimental design, animal strain, and detection methods used. This comprehensive review offers an insight into the literature on MCs in mammalian testes and epididymides. We aimed to find the most suitable model for research on MC and offer recommendations for future experimental designs. When using in vivo animal models, tunica albuginea incorporation and standard histological assessment need to be included. Domesticated boar strains kept in modified controlled conditions exhibit the highest similarity to the MC distribution in the human testis. 3D testicular models are promising but need further fine-tuning to become a valid model for MC investigation. MDPI 2022-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8909951/ /pubmed/35269690 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052547 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Himelreich-Perić, Marta
Katušić-Bojanac, Ana
Hohšteter, Marko
Sinčić, Nino
Mužić-Radović, Vedrana
Ježek, Davor
Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods
title Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods
title_full Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods
title_fullStr Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods
title_full_unstemmed Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods
title_short Mast Cells in the Mammalian Testis and Epididymis—Animal Models and Detection Methods
title_sort mast cells in the mammalian testis and epididymis—animal models and detection methods
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8909951/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269690
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052547
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