Cargando…

Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Low-income adults are significantly more likely to smoke, and face more difficulty in quitting, than people with high income. High rates of delay discounting (DD) may be an important factor contributing to the high rates of tobacco use among low-income adults. Future-oriented financial coaching may...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rogers, Erin S., Vargas, Elizabeth, Wysota, Christina N., Sherman, Scott E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910110/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270426
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052736
_version_ 1784666374605373440
author Rogers, Erin S.
Vargas, Elizabeth
Wysota, Christina N.
Sherman, Scott E.
author_facet Rogers, Erin S.
Vargas, Elizabeth
Wysota, Christina N.
Sherman, Scott E.
author_sort Rogers, Erin S.
collection PubMed
description Low-income adults are significantly more likely to smoke, and face more difficulty in quitting, than people with high income. High rates of delay discounting (DD) may be an important factor contributing to the high rates of tobacco use among low-income adults. Future-oriented financial coaching may offer a novel approach in the treatment of smoking cessation among low-income adults. This secondary analysis (N = 251) of data from a randomized controlled trial examined the integration of future-oriented financial coaching into smoking cessation treatment for low-income smokers. Linear regression and finite mixture models (FMM) estimated the overall and the latent heterogeneity of the impact of the intervention versus usual care control on DD rates 6 months after randomization. Though standard linear regression found no overall difference in DD between intervention and control (β = −0.23, p = 0.338), the FMM identified two latent subgroups with different responses to the intervention. Subgroup 1 (79% of the sample) showed no difference in DD between intervention and control (β = 0.25, p = 0.08). Subgroup 2 (21% of the sample) showed significantly lower DD (β = −2.06, p = 0.003) among intervention group participants versus control at 6 months. Participants were more likely to be a member of subgroup 2 if they had lower baseline DD rates, were living at or below 100% of federal poverty, or were married/living with a partner. This study identified a group of low-income adults seeking to quit smoking who responded to financial coaching with decreased DD rates. These results can be used to inform future targeting of the intervention to individuals who may benefit most, as well as inform future treatment adaptations to support the subgroup of low-income smokers, who did not benefit.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8910110
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89101102022-03-11 Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial Rogers, Erin S. Vargas, Elizabeth Wysota, Christina N. Sherman, Scott E. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Low-income adults are significantly more likely to smoke, and face more difficulty in quitting, than people with high income. High rates of delay discounting (DD) may be an important factor contributing to the high rates of tobacco use among low-income adults. Future-oriented financial coaching may offer a novel approach in the treatment of smoking cessation among low-income adults. This secondary analysis (N = 251) of data from a randomized controlled trial examined the integration of future-oriented financial coaching into smoking cessation treatment for low-income smokers. Linear regression and finite mixture models (FMM) estimated the overall and the latent heterogeneity of the impact of the intervention versus usual care control on DD rates 6 months after randomization. Though standard linear regression found no overall difference in DD between intervention and control (β = −0.23, p = 0.338), the FMM identified two latent subgroups with different responses to the intervention. Subgroup 1 (79% of the sample) showed no difference in DD between intervention and control (β = 0.25, p = 0.08). Subgroup 2 (21% of the sample) showed significantly lower DD (β = −2.06, p = 0.003) among intervention group participants versus control at 6 months. Participants were more likely to be a member of subgroup 2 if they had lower baseline DD rates, were living at or below 100% of federal poverty, or were married/living with a partner. This study identified a group of low-income adults seeking to quit smoking who responded to financial coaching with decreased DD rates. These results can be used to inform future targeting of the intervention to individuals who may benefit most, as well as inform future treatment adaptations to support the subgroup of low-income smokers, who did not benefit. MDPI 2022-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8910110/ /pubmed/35270426 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052736 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rogers, Erin S.
Vargas, Elizabeth
Wysota, Christina N.
Sherman, Scott E.
Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_fullStr Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_short Latent Heterogeneity in the Impact of Financial Coaching on Delay Discounting among Low-Income Smokers: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_sort latent heterogeneity in the impact of financial coaching on delay discounting among low-income smokers: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910110/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270426
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052736
work_keys_str_mv AT rogerserins latentheterogeneityintheimpactoffinancialcoachingondelaydiscountingamonglowincomesmokersasecondaryanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT vargaselizabeth latentheterogeneityintheimpactoffinancialcoachingondelaydiscountingamonglowincomesmokersasecondaryanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT wysotachristinan latentheterogeneityintheimpactoffinancialcoachingondelaydiscountingamonglowincomesmokersasecondaryanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT shermanscotte latentheterogeneityintheimpactoffinancialcoachingondelaydiscountingamonglowincomesmokersasecondaryanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial