Cargando…

The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance

High blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The identification of high BP is conventionally based on in-clinic (resting) BP measures, performed within primary health care settings. However, many cases of high BP go unrecognised or remain inadequately controlle...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Schultz, Martin G., Currie, Katharine D., Hedman, Kristofer, Climie, Rachel E., Maiorana, Andrew, Coombes, Jeff S., Sharman, James E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910717/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052819
_version_ 1784666567730003968
author Schultz, Martin G.
Currie, Katharine D.
Hedman, Kristofer
Climie, Rachel E.
Maiorana, Andrew
Coombes, Jeff S.
Sharman, James E.
author_facet Schultz, Martin G.
Currie, Katharine D.
Hedman, Kristofer
Climie, Rachel E.
Maiorana, Andrew
Coombes, Jeff S.
Sharman, James E.
author_sort Schultz, Martin G.
collection PubMed
description High blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The identification of high BP is conventionally based on in-clinic (resting) BP measures, performed within primary health care settings. However, many cases of high BP go unrecognised or remain inadequately controlled. Thus, there is a need for complementary settings and methods for BP assessment to identify and control high BP more effectively. Exaggerated exercise BP is associated with increased CVD risk and may be a medium to improve identification and control of high BP because it is suggestive of high BP gone undetected on the basis of standard in-clinic BP measures at rest. This paper provides the evidence to support a pathway to aid identification and control of high BP in clinical exercise settings via the measurement of exercise BP. It is recommended that exercise professionals conducting exercise testing should measure BP at a fixed submaximal exercise workload at moderate intensity (e.g., ~70% age-predicted heart rate maximum, stage 1–2 of a standard Bruce treadmill protocol). If exercise systolic BP is raised (≥170 mmHg), uncontrolled high BP should be assumed and should trigger correspondence with a primary care physician to encourage follow-up care to ascertain true BP control (i.e., home, or ambulatory BP) alongside a hypertension-guided exercise and lifestyle intervention to lower CVD risk related to high BP.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8910717
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89107172022-03-11 The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance Schultz, Martin G. Currie, Katharine D. Hedman, Kristofer Climie, Rachel E. Maiorana, Andrew Coombes, Jeff S. Sharman, James E. Int J Environ Res Public Health Review High blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The identification of high BP is conventionally based on in-clinic (resting) BP measures, performed within primary health care settings. However, many cases of high BP go unrecognised or remain inadequately controlled. Thus, there is a need for complementary settings and methods for BP assessment to identify and control high BP more effectively. Exaggerated exercise BP is associated with increased CVD risk and may be a medium to improve identification and control of high BP because it is suggestive of high BP gone undetected on the basis of standard in-clinic BP measures at rest. This paper provides the evidence to support a pathway to aid identification and control of high BP in clinical exercise settings via the measurement of exercise BP. It is recommended that exercise professionals conducting exercise testing should measure BP at a fixed submaximal exercise workload at moderate intensity (e.g., ~70% age-predicted heart rate maximum, stage 1–2 of a standard Bruce treadmill protocol). If exercise systolic BP is raised (≥170 mmHg), uncontrolled high BP should be assumed and should trigger correspondence with a primary care physician to encourage follow-up care to ascertain true BP control (i.e., home, or ambulatory BP) alongside a hypertension-guided exercise and lifestyle intervention to lower CVD risk related to high BP. MDPI 2022-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8910717/ /pubmed/35270514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052819 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Schultz, Martin G.
Currie, Katharine D.
Hedman, Kristofer
Climie, Rachel E.
Maiorana, Andrew
Coombes, Jeff S.
Sharman, James E.
The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance
title The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance
title_full The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance
title_fullStr The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance
title_full_unstemmed The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance
title_short The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance
title_sort identification and management of high blood pressure using exercise blood pressure: current evidence and practical guidance
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910717/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052819
work_keys_str_mv AT schultzmarting theidentificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT curriekatharined theidentificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT hedmankristofer theidentificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT climierachele theidentificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT maioranaandrew theidentificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT coombesjeffs theidentificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT sharmanjamese theidentificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT schultzmarting identificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT curriekatharined identificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT hedmankristofer identificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT climierachele identificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT maioranaandrew identificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT coombesjeffs identificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance
AT sharmanjamese identificationandmanagementofhighbloodpressureusingexercisebloodpressurecurrentevidenceandpracticalguidance