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Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Type 2 diabetes leads to severe nocturnal hypoxemia, with an increase in apnea events and daytime sleepiness. Hence, we assessed sleep breathing parameters in the prediabetes stage. A cross-sectional study conducted on 966 middle-aged subjects without known pulmonary disease (311 patients with predi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910907/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35268504 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051413 |
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author | Sánchez, Enric Sapiña-Beltrán, Esther Gavaldà, Ricard Barbé, Ferran Torres, Gerard Sauret, Ariadna Dalmases, Mireia López-Cano, Carolina Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, Liliana Bermúdez-López, Marcelino Fernández, Elvira Purroy, Francisco Castro-Boqué, Eva Farràs-Sallés, Cristina Pamplona, Reinald Mauricio, Dídac Hernández, Cristina Simó, Rafael Lecube, Albert |
author_facet | Sánchez, Enric Sapiña-Beltrán, Esther Gavaldà, Ricard Barbé, Ferran Torres, Gerard Sauret, Ariadna Dalmases, Mireia López-Cano, Carolina Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, Liliana Bermúdez-López, Marcelino Fernández, Elvira Purroy, Francisco Castro-Boqué, Eva Farràs-Sallés, Cristina Pamplona, Reinald Mauricio, Dídac Hernández, Cristina Simó, Rafael Lecube, Albert |
author_sort | Sánchez, Enric |
collection | PubMed |
description | Type 2 diabetes leads to severe nocturnal hypoxemia, with an increase in apnea events and daytime sleepiness. Hence, we assessed sleep breathing parameters in the prediabetes stage. A cross-sectional study conducted on 966 middle-aged subjects without known pulmonary disease (311 patients with prediabetes and 655 controls with normal glucose metabolism) was conducted. Prediabetes was defined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and a nonattended overnight home sleep study was performed. Participants with prediabetes (n = 311) displayed a higher apnea–hypopnea index (AHI: 12.7 (6.1;24.3) vs. 9.5 (4.2;19.6) events/h, p < 0.001) and hypopnea index (HI: 8.4 (4.0;14.9) vs. 6.0 (2.7;12.6) events/h, p < 0.001) than controls, without differences in the apnea index. Altogether, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was higher in subjects with prediabetes than in controls (78.1 vs. 69.9%, p = 0.007). Additionally, subjects with prediabetes presented impaired measurements of the median and minimum nocturnal oxygen saturation, the percentage of time spent with oxygen saturations below 90%, and the 4% oxygen desaturation index in comparison with individuals without prediabetes (p < 0.001 for all). After adjusting for age, sex, and the presence of obesity, HbA1c correlated with the HI in the entire population (r = 0.141, p < 0.001), and the presence of prediabetes was independently associated with the AHI (B = 2.20 (0.10 to 4.31), p = 0.040) as well as the HI (B = 1.87 (0.61 to 3.14), p = 0.004) in the multiple linear regression model. We conclude that prediabetes is an independent risk factor for an increased AHI after adjusting for age, sex, and obesity. The enhanced AHI is mainly associated with increments in the hypopnea events. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8910907 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89109072022-03-11 Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing Sánchez, Enric Sapiña-Beltrán, Esther Gavaldà, Ricard Barbé, Ferran Torres, Gerard Sauret, Ariadna Dalmases, Mireia López-Cano, Carolina Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, Liliana Bermúdez-López, Marcelino Fernández, Elvira Purroy, Francisco Castro-Boqué, Eva Farràs-Sallés, Cristina Pamplona, Reinald Mauricio, Dídac Hernández, Cristina Simó, Rafael Lecube, Albert J Clin Med Article Type 2 diabetes leads to severe nocturnal hypoxemia, with an increase in apnea events and daytime sleepiness. Hence, we assessed sleep breathing parameters in the prediabetes stage. A cross-sectional study conducted on 966 middle-aged subjects without known pulmonary disease (311 patients with prediabetes and 655 controls with normal glucose metabolism) was conducted. Prediabetes was defined by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and a nonattended overnight home sleep study was performed. Participants with prediabetes (n = 311) displayed a higher apnea–hypopnea index (AHI: 12.7 (6.1;24.3) vs. 9.5 (4.2;19.6) events/h, p < 0.001) and hypopnea index (HI: 8.4 (4.0;14.9) vs. 6.0 (2.7;12.6) events/h, p < 0.001) than controls, without differences in the apnea index. Altogether, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was higher in subjects with prediabetes than in controls (78.1 vs. 69.9%, p = 0.007). Additionally, subjects with prediabetes presented impaired measurements of the median and minimum nocturnal oxygen saturation, the percentage of time spent with oxygen saturations below 90%, and the 4% oxygen desaturation index in comparison with individuals without prediabetes (p < 0.001 for all). After adjusting for age, sex, and the presence of obesity, HbA1c correlated with the HI in the entire population (r = 0.141, p < 0.001), and the presence of prediabetes was independently associated with the AHI (B = 2.20 (0.10 to 4.31), p = 0.040) as well as the HI (B = 1.87 (0.61 to 3.14), p = 0.004) in the multiple linear regression model. We conclude that prediabetes is an independent risk factor for an increased AHI after adjusting for age, sex, and obesity. The enhanced AHI is mainly associated with increments in the hypopnea events. MDPI 2022-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8910907/ /pubmed/35268504 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051413 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sánchez, Enric Sapiña-Beltrán, Esther Gavaldà, Ricard Barbé, Ferran Torres, Gerard Sauret, Ariadna Dalmases, Mireia López-Cano, Carolina Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, Liliana Bermúdez-López, Marcelino Fernández, Elvira Purroy, Francisco Castro-Boqué, Eva Farràs-Sallés, Cristina Pamplona, Reinald Mauricio, Dídac Hernández, Cristina Simó, Rafael Lecube, Albert Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
title | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
title_full | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
title_fullStr | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
title_full_unstemmed | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
title_short | Prediabetes Is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing |
title_sort | prediabetes is associated with increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8910907/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35268504 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051413 |
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