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Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review

Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common deformity of the chest wall and is characterized by the posterior depression of the sternum and the lower costal cartilages. To date, the etiology of PE in humans remains enigmatic. Several etiologic hypotheses have been proposed over the past two centuries....

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Autor principal: David, Vlad Laurentiu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911421/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35268332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051241
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author David, Vlad Laurentiu
author_facet David, Vlad Laurentiu
author_sort David, Vlad Laurentiu
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description Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common deformity of the chest wall and is characterized by the posterior depression of the sternum and the lower costal cartilages. To date, the etiology of PE in humans remains enigmatic. Several etiologic hypotheses have been proposed over the past two centuries. However, most of them have been scientifically dismissed and now have only historic value. In this systematic review, we assess scientific publications of the past two centuries addressing the issue of the origin of PE in humans. We present and discuss the histologic, genetic, biomechanical, and experimental scientific achievements that contributed to the clarification of its etiology and pathogenesis. With no clear consensus over the exact mechanism, most recent studies agree that the primordial defect leading the deformation of the anterior chest wall in PE is related to the costal hyaline cartilage structure and function. Further studies on this subject must be carried out. Genetic studies seem to be the most promising way to understand the exact mechanism of PE’s origin and pathogenesis.
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spelling pubmed-89114212022-03-11 Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review David, Vlad Laurentiu J Clin Med Review Pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common deformity of the chest wall and is characterized by the posterior depression of the sternum and the lower costal cartilages. To date, the etiology of PE in humans remains enigmatic. Several etiologic hypotheses have been proposed over the past two centuries. However, most of them have been scientifically dismissed and now have only historic value. In this systematic review, we assess scientific publications of the past two centuries addressing the issue of the origin of PE in humans. We present and discuss the histologic, genetic, biomechanical, and experimental scientific achievements that contributed to the clarification of its etiology and pathogenesis. With no clear consensus over the exact mechanism, most recent studies agree that the primordial defect leading the deformation of the anterior chest wall in PE is related to the costal hyaline cartilage structure and function. Further studies on this subject must be carried out. Genetic studies seem to be the most promising way to understand the exact mechanism of PE’s origin and pathogenesis. MDPI 2022-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8911421/ /pubmed/35268332 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051241 Text en © 2022 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
David, Vlad Laurentiu
Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review
title Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review
title_full Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review
title_short Current Concepts in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Pectus Excavatum in Humans—A Systematic Review
title_sort current concepts in the etiology and pathogenesis of pectus excavatum in humans—a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911421/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35268332
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051241
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