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Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease characterized by the attack of the immune system on the body’s healthy joint lining and degeneration of articular structures. This disease involves an increased release of inflammatory mediators in the affected joint that sen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911505/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052806 |
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author | Fouani, Malak Basset, Charbel A. Mangano, Giuseppe D. Leone, Lavinia G. Lawand, Nada B. Leone, Angelo Barone, Rosario |
author_facet | Fouani, Malak Basset, Charbel A. Mangano, Giuseppe D. Leone, Lavinia G. Lawand, Nada B. Leone, Angelo Barone, Rosario |
author_sort | Fouani, Malak |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease characterized by the attack of the immune system on the body’s healthy joint lining and degeneration of articular structures. This disease involves an increased release of inflammatory mediators in the affected joint that sensitize sensory neurons and create a positive feedback loop to further enhance their release. Among these mediators, the cytokines and neuropeptides are responsible for the crippling pain and the persistent neurogenic inflammation associated with RA. More importantly, specific proteins released either centrally or peripherally have been shown to play opposing roles in the pathogenesis of this disease: an inflammatory role that mediates and increases the severity of inflammatory response and/or an anti-inflammatory and protective role that modulates the process of inflammation. In this review, we will shed light on the neuroimmune function of different members of the heat shock protein (HSPs) family and the complex manifold actions that they exert during the course of RA. Specifically, we will focus our discussion on the duality in the mechanism of action of Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8911505 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89115052022-03-11 Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fouani, Malak Basset, Charbel A. Mangano, Giuseppe D. Leone, Lavinia G. Lawand, Nada B. Leone, Angelo Barone, Rosario Int J Mol Sci Review Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease characterized by the attack of the immune system on the body’s healthy joint lining and degeneration of articular structures. This disease involves an increased release of inflammatory mediators in the affected joint that sensitize sensory neurons and create a positive feedback loop to further enhance their release. Among these mediators, the cytokines and neuropeptides are responsible for the crippling pain and the persistent neurogenic inflammation associated with RA. More importantly, specific proteins released either centrally or peripherally have been shown to play opposing roles in the pathogenesis of this disease: an inflammatory role that mediates and increases the severity of inflammatory response and/or an anti-inflammatory and protective role that modulates the process of inflammation. In this review, we will shed light on the neuroimmune function of different members of the heat shock protein (HSPs) family and the complex manifold actions that they exert during the course of RA. Specifically, we will focus our discussion on the duality in the mechanism of action of Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90. MDPI 2022-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8911505/ /pubmed/35269948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052806 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Fouani, Malak Basset, Charbel A. Mangano, Giuseppe D. Leone, Lavinia G. Lawand, Nada B. Leone, Angelo Barone, Rosario Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
title | Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
title_full | Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
title_fullStr | Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
title_full_unstemmed | Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
title_short | Heat Shock Proteins Alterations in Rheumatoid Arthritis |
title_sort | heat shock proteins alterations in rheumatoid arthritis |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911505/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052806 |
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