Cargando…
Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties
Geopolymer concrete possesses superior fire resistance compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based concrete; however, there are concerns regarding its vulnerability when exposed to real fire events. In the present study, the fire resistance of fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete was evaluated rel...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051884 |
_version_ | 1784666877852647424 |
---|---|
author | Razak, Siti Nooriza Abd Shafiq, Nasir Guillaumat, Laurent Farhan, Syed Ahmad Lohana, Vicky Kumar |
author_facet | Razak, Siti Nooriza Abd Shafiq, Nasir Guillaumat, Laurent Farhan, Syed Ahmad Lohana, Vicky Kumar |
author_sort | Razak, Siti Nooriza Abd |
collection | PubMed |
description | Geopolymer concrete possesses superior fire resistance compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based concrete; however, there are concerns regarding its vulnerability when exposed to real fire events. In the present study, the fire resistance of fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete was evaluated relative to that of OPC-based concrete. Concrete specimens of standard strength grades of 20, 40, and 60 MPa were exposed to fire at 500 and 1200 °C for 2 h to simulate real fire events. Visual observation was performed, mass loss and residual compressive strength were measured, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were conducted. OPC-based concrete suffered major cracks accompanied with spalling for the high-strength specimen, while geopolymer concrete experienced minor cracks with no spalling. Mass losses of the geopolymer concrete—of 1.69% and 4%, after the exposure to fire at 500 and 1200 °C, respectively—were lower than those of the OPC-based concrete. More than 50% of the residual compressive strength for low- and medium-strength geopolymer concrete, after the exposure to fire at 1200 °C, was maintained. After the exposure to fire at 500 °C, the residual compressive strength of the geopolymer concrete increased from 13 to 45%, while the OPC-based concrete was not able to sustain its compressive strength. SEM images showed that the matrix of the geopolymer concrete, after the exposure to fire, was denser than that of the OPC-based concrete, while the FTIR spectra of the geopolymer concrete showed a minor shift in wavelength. Hence, our findings indicate that fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete has an excellent fire resistance as compared to OPC-based concrete. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8911661 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89116612022-03-11 Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties Razak, Siti Nooriza Abd Shafiq, Nasir Guillaumat, Laurent Farhan, Syed Ahmad Lohana, Vicky Kumar Materials (Basel) Article Geopolymer concrete possesses superior fire resistance compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based concrete; however, there are concerns regarding its vulnerability when exposed to real fire events. In the present study, the fire resistance of fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete was evaluated relative to that of OPC-based concrete. Concrete specimens of standard strength grades of 20, 40, and 60 MPa were exposed to fire at 500 and 1200 °C for 2 h to simulate real fire events. Visual observation was performed, mass loss and residual compressive strength were measured, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were conducted. OPC-based concrete suffered major cracks accompanied with spalling for the high-strength specimen, while geopolymer concrete experienced minor cracks with no spalling. Mass losses of the geopolymer concrete—of 1.69% and 4%, after the exposure to fire at 500 and 1200 °C, respectively—were lower than those of the OPC-based concrete. More than 50% of the residual compressive strength for low- and medium-strength geopolymer concrete, after the exposure to fire at 1200 °C, was maintained. After the exposure to fire at 500 °C, the residual compressive strength of the geopolymer concrete increased from 13 to 45%, while the OPC-based concrete was not able to sustain its compressive strength. SEM images showed that the matrix of the geopolymer concrete, after the exposure to fire, was denser than that of the OPC-based concrete, while the FTIR spectra of the geopolymer concrete showed a minor shift in wavelength. Hence, our findings indicate that fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete has an excellent fire resistance as compared to OPC-based concrete. MDPI 2022-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8911661/ /pubmed/35269114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051884 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Razak, Siti Nooriza Abd Shafiq, Nasir Guillaumat, Laurent Farhan, Syed Ahmad Lohana, Vicky Kumar Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties |
title | Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties |
title_full | Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties |
title_fullStr | Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties |
title_full_unstemmed | Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties |
title_short | Fire-Exposed Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete: Effects of Burning Temperature on Mechanical and Microstructural Properties |
title_sort | fire-exposed fly-ash-based geopolymer concrete: effects of burning temperature on mechanical and microstructural properties |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911661/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269114 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051884 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT razaksitinoorizaabd fireexposedflyashbasedgeopolymerconcreteeffectsofburningtemperatureonmechanicalandmicrostructuralproperties AT shafiqnasir fireexposedflyashbasedgeopolymerconcreteeffectsofburningtemperatureonmechanicalandmicrostructuralproperties AT guillaumatlaurent fireexposedflyashbasedgeopolymerconcreteeffectsofburningtemperatureonmechanicalandmicrostructuralproperties AT farhansyedahmad fireexposedflyashbasedgeopolymerconcreteeffectsofburningtemperatureonmechanicalandmicrostructuralproperties AT lohanavickykumar fireexposedflyashbasedgeopolymerconcreteeffectsofburningtemperatureonmechanicalandmicrostructuralproperties |