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Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be used with megavolt (MV) X-rays to exert radiosensitization effects, as demonstrated in cell survival assays and mouse experiments. However, the detailed mechanisms are not clear; besides physical dose enhancement, several chemical and biological processes have been...

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Autores principales: Yogo, Katsunori, Misawa, Masaki, Shimizu, Hidetoshi, Kitagawa, Tomoki, Hirayama, Ryoichi, Ishiyama, Hiromichi, Yasuda, Hiroshi, Kametaka, Satoshi, Takami, Seiichi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269259
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050771
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author Yogo, Katsunori
Misawa, Masaki
Shimizu, Hidetoshi
Kitagawa, Tomoki
Hirayama, Ryoichi
Ishiyama, Hiromichi
Yasuda, Hiroshi
Kametaka, Satoshi
Takami, Seiichi
author_facet Yogo, Katsunori
Misawa, Masaki
Shimizu, Hidetoshi
Kitagawa, Tomoki
Hirayama, Ryoichi
Ishiyama, Hiromichi
Yasuda, Hiroshi
Kametaka, Satoshi
Takami, Seiichi
author_sort Yogo, Katsunori
collection PubMed
description Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be used with megavolt (MV) X-rays to exert radiosensitization effects, as demonstrated in cell survival assays and mouse experiments. However, the detailed mechanisms are not clear; besides physical dose enhancement, several chemical and biological processes have been proposed. Reducing the AuNP concentration while achieving sufficient enhancement is necessary for the clinical application of AuNPs. Here, we used positively charged (+) AuNPs to determine the radiosensitization effects of AuNPs combined with MV X-rays on DNA damage in vitro. We examined the effect of low concentrations of AuNPs on DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. DNA damage was promoted by 1.4 nm +AuNP with dose enhancement factors of 1.4 ± 0.2 for single-strand breaks and 1.2 ± 0.1 for double-strand breaks. +AuNPs combined with MV X-rays induced radiosensitization at the DNA level, indicating that the effects were physical and/or chemical. Although −AuNPs induced similar ROS levels, they did not cause considerable DNA damage. Thus, dose enhancement by low concentrations of +AuNPs may have occurred with the increase in the local +AuNP concentration around DNA or via DNA binding. +AuNPs showed stronger radiosensitization effects than −AuNPs. Combining +AuNPs with MV X-rays in radiation therapy may improve clinical outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-89117392022-03-11 Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays Yogo, Katsunori Misawa, Masaki Shimizu, Hidetoshi Kitagawa, Tomoki Hirayama, Ryoichi Ishiyama, Hiromichi Yasuda, Hiroshi Kametaka, Satoshi Takami, Seiichi Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can be used with megavolt (MV) X-rays to exert radiosensitization effects, as demonstrated in cell survival assays and mouse experiments. However, the detailed mechanisms are not clear; besides physical dose enhancement, several chemical and biological processes have been proposed. Reducing the AuNP concentration while achieving sufficient enhancement is necessary for the clinical application of AuNPs. Here, we used positively charged (+) AuNPs to determine the radiosensitization effects of AuNPs combined with MV X-rays on DNA damage in vitro. We examined the effect of low concentrations of AuNPs on DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. DNA damage was promoted by 1.4 nm +AuNP with dose enhancement factors of 1.4 ± 0.2 for single-strand breaks and 1.2 ± 0.1 for double-strand breaks. +AuNPs combined with MV X-rays induced radiosensitization at the DNA level, indicating that the effects were physical and/or chemical. Although −AuNPs induced similar ROS levels, they did not cause considerable DNA damage. Thus, dose enhancement by low concentrations of +AuNPs may have occurred with the increase in the local +AuNP concentration around DNA or via DNA binding. +AuNPs showed stronger radiosensitization effects than −AuNPs. Combining +AuNPs with MV X-rays in radiation therapy may improve clinical outcomes. MDPI 2022-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8911739/ /pubmed/35269259 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050771 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yogo, Katsunori
Misawa, Masaki
Shimizu, Hidetoshi
Kitagawa, Tomoki
Hirayama, Ryoichi
Ishiyama, Hiromichi
Yasuda, Hiroshi
Kametaka, Satoshi
Takami, Seiichi
Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays
title Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays
title_full Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays
title_fullStr Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays
title_full_unstemmed Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays
title_short Radiosensitization Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmid DNA Damage Induced by Therapeutic MV X-rays
title_sort radiosensitization effect of gold nanoparticles on plasmid dna damage induced by therapeutic mv x-rays
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8911739/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35269259
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050771
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