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Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces

Although tuft cells were discovered over 60 years ago, their functions have long been enigmatic, especially in human health. Nonetheless, tuft cells have recently emerged as key orchestrators of the host response to diverse microbial infections in the gut and airway. While tuft cells are epithelial...

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Autores principales: Strine, Madison S., Wilen, Craig B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8912186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35271673
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010318
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author Strine, Madison S.
Wilen, Craig B.
author_facet Strine, Madison S.
Wilen, Craig B.
author_sort Strine, Madison S.
collection PubMed
description Although tuft cells were discovered over 60 years ago, their functions have long been enigmatic, especially in human health. Nonetheless, tuft cells have recently emerged as key orchestrators of the host response to diverse microbial infections in the gut and airway. While tuft cells are epithelial in origin, they exhibit functions akin to immune cells and mediate important interkingdom interactions between the host and helminths, protists, viruses, and bacteria. With broad intra- and intertissue heterogeneity, tuft cells sense and respond to microbes with exquisite specificity. Tuft cells can recognize helminth and protist infection, driving a type 2 immune response to promote parasite expulsion. Tuft cells also serve as the primary physiologic target of persistent murine norovirus (MNV) and promote immune evasion. Recently, tuft cells were also shown to be infected by rotavirus. Other viral infections, such as influenza A virus, can induce tuft cell–dependent tissue repair. In the context of coinfection, tuft cells promote neurotropic flavivirus replication by dampening antiviral adaptive immune responses. Commensal and pathogenic bacteria can regulate tuft cell abundance and function and, in turn, tuft cells are implicated in modulating bacterial infiltration and mucosal barrier integrity. However, the contribution of tuft cells to microbial sensing in humans and their resulting effector responses are poorly characterized. Herein, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of microbial activation of tuft cells with an emphasis on tuft cell heterogeneity and differences between mouse and human tuft cell biology as it pertains to human health and disease.
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spelling pubmed-89121862022-03-11 Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces Strine, Madison S. Wilen, Craig B. PLoS Pathog Review Although tuft cells were discovered over 60 years ago, their functions have long been enigmatic, especially in human health. Nonetheless, tuft cells have recently emerged as key orchestrators of the host response to diverse microbial infections in the gut and airway. While tuft cells are epithelial in origin, they exhibit functions akin to immune cells and mediate important interkingdom interactions between the host and helminths, protists, viruses, and bacteria. With broad intra- and intertissue heterogeneity, tuft cells sense and respond to microbes with exquisite specificity. Tuft cells can recognize helminth and protist infection, driving a type 2 immune response to promote parasite expulsion. Tuft cells also serve as the primary physiologic target of persistent murine norovirus (MNV) and promote immune evasion. Recently, tuft cells were also shown to be infected by rotavirus. Other viral infections, such as influenza A virus, can induce tuft cell–dependent tissue repair. In the context of coinfection, tuft cells promote neurotropic flavivirus replication by dampening antiviral adaptive immune responses. Commensal and pathogenic bacteria can regulate tuft cell abundance and function and, in turn, tuft cells are implicated in modulating bacterial infiltration and mucosal barrier integrity. However, the contribution of tuft cells to microbial sensing in humans and their resulting effector responses are poorly characterized. Herein, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of microbial activation of tuft cells with an emphasis on tuft cell heterogeneity and differences between mouse and human tuft cell biology as it pertains to human health and disease. Public Library of Science 2022-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8912186/ /pubmed/35271673 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010318 Text en © 2022 Strine, Wilen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review
Strine, Madison S.
Wilen, Craig B.
Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces
title Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces
title_full Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces
title_fullStr Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces
title_full_unstemmed Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces
title_short Tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces
title_sort tuft cells are key mediators of interkingdom interactions at mucosal barrier surfaces
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8912186/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35271673
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010318
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