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Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene

The role of melatonin during the growth and ripening of apple fruit was studied using local varieties. The evolution of the growth and ripening parameters, including fruit size and weight, firmness, color change, sugar content, and ethylene production, was different in the five varieties studied, wi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Verde, Antía, Míguez, Jesús M., Gallardo, Mercedes
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8912437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270158
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11050688
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author Verde, Antía
Míguez, Jesús M.
Gallardo, Mercedes
author_facet Verde, Antía
Míguez, Jesús M.
Gallardo, Mercedes
author_sort Verde, Antía
collection PubMed
description The role of melatonin during the growth and ripening of apple fruit was studied using local varieties. The evolution of the growth and ripening parameters, including fruit size and weight, firmness, color change, sugar content, and ethylene production, was different in the five varieties studied, with yellow apples (Reineta and Golden) initiating the ripening process earlier than reddish ones (Teórica, Sanroqueña, and Caguleira). Changes in the melatonin and melatonin isomer 2 contents during growth and ripening were studied in Golden apples, as was the effect of the melatonin treatment (500 µM, day 124 post-anthesis) on the apple tree. Melatonin content varied greatly, with higher value in the skin than in the flesh. In the skin, melatonin increased at day 132 post-anthesis, when ethylene synthesis started. In the flesh, melatonin levels were high at the beginning of the growth phase and at the end of ripening. Melatonin isomer 2 was also higher once the ripening started and when ethylene began to increase. The melatonin treatment significantly advanced the ethylene production and increased the fruit size, weight, sugar content, and firmness. The data suggest that melatonin stimulates fruit ripening through the induction of ethylene synthesis, while melatonin treatments before ripening improve the final fruit quality.
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spelling pubmed-89124372022-03-11 Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene Verde, Antía Míguez, Jesús M. Gallardo, Mercedes Plants (Basel) Article The role of melatonin during the growth and ripening of apple fruit was studied using local varieties. The evolution of the growth and ripening parameters, including fruit size and weight, firmness, color change, sugar content, and ethylene production, was different in the five varieties studied, with yellow apples (Reineta and Golden) initiating the ripening process earlier than reddish ones (Teórica, Sanroqueña, and Caguleira). Changes in the melatonin and melatonin isomer 2 contents during growth and ripening were studied in Golden apples, as was the effect of the melatonin treatment (500 µM, day 124 post-anthesis) on the apple tree. Melatonin content varied greatly, with higher value in the skin than in the flesh. In the skin, melatonin increased at day 132 post-anthesis, when ethylene synthesis started. In the flesh, melatonin levels were high at the beginning of the growth phase and at the end of ripening. Melatonin isomer 2 was also higher once the ripening started and when ethylene began to increase. The melatonin treatment significantly advanced the ethylene production and increased the fruit size, weight, sugar content, and firmness. The data suggest that melatonin stimulates fruit ripening through the induction of ethylene synthesis, while melatonin treatments before ripening improve the final fruit quality. MDPI 2022-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8912437/ /pubmed/35270158 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11050688 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Verde, Antía
Míguez, Jesús M.
Gallardo, Mercedes
Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene
title Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene
title_full Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene
title_fullStr Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene
title_full_unstemmed Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene
title_short Role of Melatonin in Apple Fruit during Growth and Ripening: Possible Interaction with Ethylene
title_sort role of melatonin in apple fruit during growth and ripening: possible interaction with ethylene
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8912437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35270158
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11050688
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