Finite element modeling of the breakage behavior of agricultural biomass pellets under different heights during handling and storage

It is very important to determine the amount of mechanical damage to biomass pellets during handling, transportation, and storage. However, it is difficult to determine the amount of damage to biomass pellets caused by existing external forces. However, a useful method is the finite element methods, which can be used in different engineering fields to simulate the posture of the material under defined boundary conditions. In this research, a drop test simulation of biomass pellet samples was performed by using the finite element method. An experimental study (compressive test) was carried out to measure some mechanical properties of the sample and use the obtained data in the finite element method simulation. The stress–strain curve of different biomass pellets was determined. Yield strength, Poisson’s ratio, ultimate strength and modulus of elasticity, and stress were identified. In the end, the maximum equivalent stress, highest contact force (generated normal force from target surface at impact), and shape of deformation of samples at impact were obtained from simulation results. The drop scenario was created with 25 steps after the impact site, and the FEM simulation was solved. The maximum stress value was 9.486 MPa, and the maximum generated force was 485.31 N. at step 8 of the FEM simulation. When the stress magnitudes were assessed, simulation outputs indicated that simulation stress values are inconsistent with experimental data.