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Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina

Cryptochromes are photolyase-related blue-light receptors acting as core components of the mammalian circadian clock in the cell nuclei. One or more members of the cryptochrome protein family are also assumed to play a role in avian magnetoreception, but the primary sensory molecule in the retina of...

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Autores principales: Einwich, Angelika, Seth, Pranav Kumar, Bartölke, Rabea, Bolte, Petra, Feederle, Regina, Dedek, Karin, Mouritsen, Henrik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8918457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34677638
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-021-01506-1
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author Einwich, Angelika
Seth, Pranav Kumar
Bartölke, Rabea
Bolte, Petra
Feederle, Regina
Dedek, Karin
Mouritsen, Henrik
author_facet Einwich, Angelika
Seth, Pranav Kumar
Bartölke, Rabea
Bolte, Petra
Feederle, Regina
Dedek, Karin
Mouritsen, Henrik
author_sort Einwich, Angelika
collection PubMed
description Cryptochromes are photolyase-related blue-light receptors acting as core components of the mammalian circadian clock in the cell nuclei. One or more members of the cryptochrome protein family are also assumed to play a role in avian magnetoreception, but the primary sensory molecule in the retina of migratory birds that mediates light-dependent magnetic compass orientation has still not been identified. The mRNA of cryptochrome 2 (Cry2) has been reported to be located in the cell nuclei of the retina, but Cry2 localisation has not yet been demonstrated at the protein level. Here, we provide evidence that Cry2 protein is located in the photoreceptor inner segments, the outer nuclear layer, the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell layer in the retina of night-migratory European robins, homing pigeons and domestic chickens. At the subcellular level, we find Cry2 both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of cells residing in these layers. This broad nucleic expression rather points to a role for avian Cry2 in the circadian clock and is consistent with a function as a transcription factor, analogous to mammalian Cry2, and speaks against an involvement in magnetoreception. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00359-021-01506-1.
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spelling pubmed-89184572022-03-17 Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina Einwich, Angelika Seth, Pranav Kumar Bartölke, Rabea Bolte, Petra Feederle, Regina Dedek, Karin Mouritsen, Henrik J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol Original Paper Cryptochromes are photolyase-related blue-light receptors acting as core components of the mammalian circadian clock in the cell nuclei. One or more members of the cryptochrome protein family are also assumed to play a role in avian magnetoreception, but the primary sensory molecule in the retina of migratory birds that mediates light-dependent magnetic compass orientation has still not been identified. The mRNA of cryptochrome 2 (Cry2) has been reported to be located in the cell nuclei of the retina, but Cry2 localisation has not yet been demonstrated at the protein level. Here, we provide evidence that Cry2 protein is located in the photoreceptor inner segments, the outer nuclear layer, the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell layer in the retina of night-migratory European robins, homing pigeons and domestic chickens. At the subcellular level, we find Cry2 both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of cells residing in these layers. This broad nucleic expression rather points to a role for avian Cry2 in the circadian clock and is consistent with a function as a transcription factor, analogous to mammalian Cry2, and speaks against an involvement in magnetoreception. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00359-021-01506-1. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-10-22 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8918457/ /pubmed/34677638 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-021-01506-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Original Paper
Einwich, Angelika
Seth, Pranav Kumar
Bartölke, Rabea
Bolte, Petra
Feederle, Regina
Dedek, Karin
Mouritsen, Henrik
Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina
title Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina
title_full Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina
title_fullStr Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina
title_full_unstemmed Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina
title_short Localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina
title_sort localisation of cryptochrome 2 in the avian retina
topic Original Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8918457/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34677638
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00359-021-01506-1
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