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Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice
Adipose tissue has been classified into white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue the latter of which is produced as WAT changes into BAT due to exposure to cold temperature or exercise. In response to these stimulations, WAT produces heat by increasing mitocho...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8919700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35286020 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15205 |
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author | Tanimura, Riku Kobayashi, Leo Shirai, Takanaga Takemasa, Tohru |
author_facet | Tanimura, Riku Kobayashi, Leo Shirai, Takanaga Takemasa, Tohru |
author_sort | Tanimura, Riku |
collection | PubMed |
description | Adipose tissue has been classified into white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue the latter of which is produced as WAT changes into BAT due to exposure to cold temperature or exercise. In response to these stimulations, WAT produces heat by increasing mitochondrial contents and the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), thus facilitating browning. Exercise is known to be one of the triggers for WAT browning, but the effects of exercise intensity on the browning of WAT remain to be unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the effects of high‐ or low‐intensity exercises on the browning of WAT. Mice performed high‐ or low‐intensity running on a treadmill running 3 days a week for four weeks. As per our findings, it was determined that four weeks of running did not significantly reduce inguinal WAT (iWAT) wet weight but did significantly reduce adipocytes size, regardless of exercise intensity. The protein expression level of UCP1 was significantly increased in iWAT by high‐intensity running. In addition, the expression of oxidative phosphorylation proteins (OXPHOS) in iWAT was significantly increased by high‐intensity running. These results demonstrated that high‐intensity exercise might be effective for increasing mitochondrial contents and heat production capacity in iWAT. Furthermore, we found that high‐intensity running increased the protein expression level of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in skeletal muscle compared with that in low intensity running. We have also examined the relationship between browning of WAT and the expression of FGF21 in skeletal muscle and found a positive correlation between the protein expression of UCP1 in iWAT and the protein expression of FGF21 in gastrocnemius muscle. In conclusion, we suggest that high‐intensity exercise is effective for the browning of WAT and the increase of FGF21 in skeletal muscle. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8919700 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89197002022-03-18 Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice Tanimura, Riku Kobayashi, Leo Shirai, Takanaga Takemasa, Tohru Physiol Rep Original Articles Adipose tissue has been classified into white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue the latter of which is produced as WAT changes into BAT due to exposure to cold temperature or exercise. In response to these stimulations, WAT produces heat by increasing mitochondrial contents and the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), thus facilitating browning. Exercise is known to be one of the triggers for WAT browning, but the effects of exercise intensity on the browning of WAT remain to be unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the effects of high‐ or low‐intensity exercises on the browning of WAT. Mice performed high‐ or low‐intensity running on a treadmill running 3 days a week for four weeks. As per our findings, it was determined that four weeks of running did not significantly reduce inguinal WAT (iWAT) wet weight but did significantly reduce adipocytes size, regardless of exercise intensity. The protein expression level of UCP1 was significantly increased in iWAT by high‐intensity running. In addition, the expression of oxidative phosphorylation proteins (OXPHOS) in iWAT was significantly increased by high‐intensity running. These results demonstrated that high‐intensity exercise might be effective for increasing mitochondrial contents and heat production capacity in iWAT. Furthermore, we found that high‐intensity running increased the protein expression level of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in skeletal muscle compared with that in low intensity running. We have also examined the relationship between browning of WAT and the expression of FGF21 in skeletal muscle and found a positive correlation between the protein expression of UCP1 in iWAT and the protein expression of FGF21 in gastrocnemius muscle. In conclusion, we suggest that high‐intensity exercise is effective for the browning of WAT and the increase of FGF21 in skeletal muscle. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8919700/ /pubmed/35286020 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15205 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles Tanimura, Riku Kobayashi, Leo Shirai, Takanaga Takemasa, Tohru Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice |
title | Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice |
title_full | Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice |
title_fullStr | Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice |
title_short | Effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice |
title_sort | effects of exercise intensity on white adipose tissue browning and its regulatory signals in mice |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8919700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35286020 http://dx.doi.org/10.14814/phy2.15205 |
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