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The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The specific antibodies induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection may provide protection against a subsequent infection. However, the efficacy and duration of protection provided by naturally acquired immunity against subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection remain controversial. We systematically searched for the lit...

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Autores principales: Chen, Qi, Zhu, Kongxin, Liu, Xiaohui, Zhuang, Chunlan, Huang, Xingcheng, Huang, Yue, Yao, Xingmei, Quan, Jiali, Lin, Hongyan, Huang, Shoujie, Su, Yingying, Wu, Ting, Zhang, Jun, Xia, Ningshao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8920404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35195494
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2046446
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author Chen, Qi
Zhu, Kongxin
Liu, Xiaohui
Zhuang, Chunlan
Huang, Xingcheng
Huang, Yue
Yao, Xingmei
Quan, Jiali
Lin, Hongyan
Huang, Shoujie
Su, Yingying
Wu, Ting
Zhang, Jun
Xia, Ningshao
author_facet Chen, Qi
Zhu, Kongxin
Liu, Xiaohui
Zhuang, Chunlan
Huang, Xingcheng
Huang, Yue
Yao, Xingmei
Quan, Jiali
Lin, Hongyan
Huang, Shoujie
Su, Yingying
Wu, Ting
Zhang, Jun
Xia, Ningshao
author_sort Chen, Qi
collection PubMed
description The specific antibodies induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection may provide protection against a subsequent infection. However, the efficacy and duration of protection provided by naturally acquired immunity against subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection remain controversial. We systematically searched for the literature describing COVID-19 reinfection published before 07 February 2022. The outcomes were the pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) for estimating the risk of subsequent infection. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Statistical analyses were conducted using the R programming language 4.0.2. We identified 19 eligible studies including more than 3.5 million individuals without the history of COVID-19 vaccination. The efficacy of naturally acquired antibodies against reinfection was estimated at 84% (pooled IRR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.14-0.18), with higher efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 cases (pooled IRR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.07-0.12) than asymptomatic infection (pooled IRR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.14-0.54). In the subgroup analyses, the pooled IRRs of COVID-19 infection in health care workers (HCWs) and the general population were 0.22 (95% CI = 0.16-0.31) and 0.14 (95% CI = 0.12-0.17), respectively, with a significant difference (P = 0.02), and those in older (over 60 years) and younger (under 60 years) populations were 0.26 (95% CI = 0.15–0.48) and 0.16 (95% CI =  0.14-0.19), respectively. The risk of subsequent infection in the seropositive population appeared to increase slowly over time. In conclusion, naturally acquired antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can significantly reduce the risk of subsequent infection, with a protection efficacy of 84%. Registration number: CRD42021286222
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spelling pubmed-89204042022-03-15 The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Chen, Qi Zhu, Kongxin Liu, Xiaohui Zhuang, Chunlan Huang, Xingcheng Huang, Yue Yao, Xingmei Quan, Jiali Lin, Hongyan Huang, Shoujie Su, Yingying Wu, Ting Zhang, Jun Xia, Ningshao Emerg Microbes Infect Coronaviruses The specific antibodies induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection may provide protection against a subsequent infection. However, the efficacy and duration of protection provided by naturally acquired immunity against subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection remain controversial. We systematically searched for the literature describing COVID-19 reinfection published before 07 February 2022. The outcomes were the pooled incidence rate ratio (IRR) for estimating the risk of subsequent infection. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Statistical analyses were conducted using the R programming language 4.0.2. We identified 19 eligible studies including more than 3.5 million individuals without the history of COVID-19 vaccination. The efficacy of naturally acquired antibodies against reinfection was estimated at 84% (pooled IRR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.14-0.18), with higher efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 cases (pooled IRR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.07-0.12) than asymptomatic infection (pooled IRR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.14-0.54). In the subgroup analyses, the pooled IRRs of COVID-19 infection in health care workers (HCWs) and the general population were 0.22 (95% CI = 0.16-0.31) and 0.14 (95% CI = 0.12-0.17), respectively, with a significant difference (P = 0.02), and those in older (over 60 years) and younger (under 60 years) populations were 0.26 (95% CI = 0.15–0.48) and 0.16 (95% CI =  0.14-0.19), respectively. The risk of subsequent infection in the seropositive population appeared to increase slowly over time. In conclusion, naturally acquired antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can significantly reduce the risk of subsequent infection, with a protection efficacy of 84%. Registration number: CRD42021286222 Taylor & Francis 2022-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8920404/ /pubmed/35195494 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2046446 Text en © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Coronaviruses
Chen, Qi
Zhu, Kongxin
Liu, Xiaohui
Zhuang, Chunlan
Huang, Xingcheng
Huang, Yue
Yao, Xingmei
Quan, Jiali
Lin, Hongyan
Huang, Shoujie
Su, Yingying
Wu, Ting
Zhang, Jun
Xia, Ningshao
The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short The Protection of Naturally Acquired Antibodies Against Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort protection of naturally acquired antibodies against subsequent sars-cov-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Coronaviruses
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8920404/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35195494
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2046446
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