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The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape
Late in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) emerged, causing an unknown type of pneumonia today called coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is still an ongoing global outbreak that has claimed and threatened many lives worldwide. Along with the fastest vacci...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8920968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35300999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.058 |
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author | Souza, Pedro F.N. Mesquita, Felipe P. Amaral, Jackson L. Landim, Patrícia G.C. Lima, Karollyny R.P. Costa, Marília B. Farias, Izabelle R. Belém, Mônica O. Pinto, Yago O. Moreira, Heline H.T. Magalhaes, Ilana C.L. Castelo-Branco, Débora S.C.M. Montenegro, Raquel C. de Andrade, Claudia R. |
author_facet | Souza, Pedro F.N. Mesquita, Felipe P. Amaral, Jackson L. Landim, Patrícia G.C. Lima, Karollyny R.P. Costa, Marília B. Farias, Izabelle R. Belém, Mônica O. Pinto, Yago O. Moreira, Heline H.T. Magalhaes, Ilana C.L. Castelo-Branco, Débora S.C.M. Montenegro, Raquel C. de Andrade, Claudia R. |
author_sort | Souza, Pedro F.N. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Late in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) emerged, causing an unknown type of pneumonia today called coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is still an ongoing global outbreak that has claimed and threatened many lives worldwide. Along with the fastest vaccine developed in history to fight SARS-CoV-2 came a critical problem, SARS-CoV-2. These new variants are a result of the accumulation of mutations in the sequence and structure of spike (S) glycoprotein, which is by far the most critical protein for SARS-CoV-2 to recognize cells and escape the immune system, in addition to playing a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, pathogenicity, transmission, and evolution. In this review, we discuss mutation of S protein and how these mutations have led to new variants that are usually more transmissible and can thus mitigate the immunity produced by vaccination. Here, analysis of S protein sequences and structures from variants point out the mutations among them, how they emerge, and the behavior of S protein from each variant. This review brings details in an understandable way about how the variants of SARS-CoV-2 are a result of mutations in S protein, making them more transmissible and even more aggressive than their relatives. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8920968 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Elsevier B.V. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89209682022-03-15 The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape Souza, Pedro F.N. Mesquita, Felipe P. Amaral, Jackson L. Landim, Patrícia G.C. Lima, Karollyny R.P. Costa, Marília B. Farias, Izabelle R. Belém, Mônica O. Pinto, Yago O. Moreira, Heline H.T. Magalhaes, Ilana C.L. Castelo-Branco, Débora S.C.M. Montenegro, Raquel C. de Andrade, Claudia R. Int J Biol Macromol Review Late in 2019, SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) emerged, causing an unknown type of pneumonia today called coronaviruses disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is still an ongoing global outbreak that has claimed and threatened many lives worldwide. Along with the fastest vaccine developed in history to fight SARS-CoV-2 came a critical problem, SARS-CoV-2. These new variants are a result of the accumulation of mutations in the sequence and structure of spike (S) glycoprotein, which is by far the most critical protein for SARS-CoV-2 to recognize cells and escape the immune system, in addition to playing a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection, pathogenicity, transmission, and evolution. In this review, we discuss mutation of S protein and how these mutations have led to new variants that are usually more transmissible and can thus mitigate the immunity produced by vaccination. Here, analysis of S protein sequences and structures from variants point out the mutations among them, how they emerge, and the behavior of S protein from each variant. This review brings details in an understandable way about how the variants of SARS-CoV-2 are a result of mutations in S protein, making them more transmissible and even more aggressive than their relatives. Elsevier B.V. 2022-05-31 2022-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8920968/ /pubmed/35300999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.058 Text en © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Review Souza, Pedro F.N. Mesquita, Felipe P. Amaral, Jackson L. Landim, Patrícia G.C. Lima, Karollyny R.P. Costa, Marília B. Farias, Izabelle R. Belém, Mônica O. Pinto, Yago O. Moreira, Heline H.T. Magalhaes, Ilana C.L. Castelo-Branco, Débora S.C.M. Montenegro, Raquel C. de Andrade, Claudia R. The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape |
title | The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape |
title_full | The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape |
title_fullStr | The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape |
title_full_unstemmed | The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape |
title_short | The spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2: A review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape |
title_sort | spike glycoprotein of sars-cov-2: a review of how mutations of spike glycoproteins have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8920968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35300999 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.058 |
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