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Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress
Zygophyllum dumosum is a dominant shrub in the Negev Desert whose survival is accomplished by multiple mechanisms including abscission of leaflets to reduce whole plant transpiration while leaving the fleshy, wax-covered petioles alive but dormant during the dry season. Petioles that can survive for...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8924888/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040484 |
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author | Srinivasan, Jansirani Khadka, Janardan Novoplansky, Nurit Gillor, Osnat Grafi, Gideon |
author_facet | Srinivasan, Jansirani Khadka, Janardan Novoplansky, Nurit Gillor, Osnat Grafi, Gideon |
author_sort | Srinivasan, Jansirani |
collection | PubMed |
description | Zygophyllum dumosum is a dominant shrub in the Negev Desert whose survival is accomplished by multiple mechanisms including abscission of leaflets to reduce whole plant transpiration while leaving the fleshy, wax-covered petioles alive but dormant during the dry season. Petioles that can survive for two full growing seasons maintain cell component integrity and resume metabolic activity at the beginning of the winter. This remarkable survival prompted us to investigate endophytic bacteria colonizing the internal tissues of the petiole and assess their role in stress tolerance. Twenty-one distinct endophytes were isolated by culturing from surface-sterile petioles and identified by sequencing of the 16S rDNA. Sequence alignments and the phylogenetic tree clustered the isolated endophytes into two phyla, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Most isolated endophytes displayed a relatively slow growth on nutrient agar, which was accelerated by adding petiole extracts. Metabolic analysis of selected endophytes showed several common metabolites whose level is affected by petiole extract in a species-dependent manner including phosphoric acid, pyroglutamic acid, and glutamic acid. Other metabolites appear to be endophyte-specific metabolites, such as proline and trehalose, which were implicated in stress tolerance. These results demonstrate the existence of multiple endophytic bacteria colonizing Z. dumosum petioles with the potential role in maintaining cell integrity and functionality via synthesis of multiple beneficial metabolites that mitigate stress and contribute to stress tolerance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8924888 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89248882022-03-17 Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress Srinivasan, Jansirani Khadka, Janardan Novoplansky, Nurit Gillor, Osnat Grafi, Gideon Plants (Basel) Article Zygophyllum dumosum is a dominant shrub in the Negev Desert whose survival is accomplished by multiple mechanisms including abscission of leaflets to reduce whole plant transpiration while leaving the fleshy, wax-covered petioles alive but dormant during the dry season. Petioles that can survive for two full growing seasons maintain cell component integrity and resume metabolic activity at the beginning of the winter. This remarkable survival prompted us to investigate endophytic bacteria colonizing the internal tissues of the petiole and assess their role in stress tolerance. Twenty-one distinct endophytes were isolated by culturing from surface-sterile petioles and identified by sequencing of the 16S rDNA. Sequence alignments and the phylogenetic tree clustered the isolated endophytes into two phyla, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Most isolated endophytes displayed a relatively slow growth on nutrient agar, which was accelerated by adding petiole extracts. Metabolic analysis of selected endophytes showed several common metabolites whose level is affected by petiole extract in a species-dependent manner including phosphoric acid, pyroglutamic acid, and glutamic acid. Other metabolites appear to be endophyte-specific metabolites, such as proline and trehalose, which were implicated in stress tolerance. These results demonstrate the existence of multiple endophytic bacteria colonizing Z. dumosum petioles with the potential role in maintaining cell integrity and functionality via synthesis of multiple beneficial metabolites that mitigate stress and contribute to stress tolerance. MDPI 2022-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8924888/ /pubmed/35214818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040484 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Srinivasan, Jansirani Khadka, Janardan Novoplansky, Nurit Gillor, Osnat Grafi, Gideon Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress |
title | Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress |
title_full | Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress |
title_fullStr | Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress |
title_full_unstemmed | Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress |
title_short | Endophytic Bacteria Colonizing the Petiole of the Desert Plant Zygophyllum dumosum Boiss: Possible Role in Mitigating Stress |
title_sort | endophytic bacteria colonizing the petiole of the desert plant zygophyllum dumosum boiss: possible role in mitigating stress |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8924888/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35214818 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11040484 |
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