Cargando…

New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure

Heart failure is a growing medical problem. Although the underlying aetiology of heart failure differs according to the phenotype, there are some common characteristics observed in patients with heart failure. These include an increased sympathetic nerve activity, an activated renin–angiotensin syst...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Badoer, Emilio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8928560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35309046
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.837723
_version_ 1784670669285359616
author Badoer, Emilio
author_facet Badoer, Emilio
author_sort Badoer, Emilio
collection PubMed
description Heart failure is a growing medical problem. Although the underlying aetiology of heart failure differs according to the phenotype, there are some common characteristics observed in patients with heart failure. These include an increased sympathetic nerve activity, an activated renin–angiotensin system, and inflammation. The mechanisms mediating the increased sympathetic activity are not completely understood but the central nervous system plays a major role. Activation of the renin–angiotensin system plays an active role in the remodelling of the heart and in fluid and electrolyte imbalance. The presence of a central renin–angiotensin system means that locally produced angiotensin in the brain may also play a key role in autonomic dysfunction seen in heart failure. Markers of inflammation in the heart and in the circulation are observed in patients diagnosed with heart failure. Circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines can also influence cardiac function further afield than just locally in the heart including actions within the brain to activate the sympathetic nervous system. Preclinical evidence suggests that targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokines would be a useful therapy to treat heart failure. Most clinical studies have been disappointing. This mini-review suggests that pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain play a key role and there is a problem associated with access of effective doses of the drugs to the site of action in the brain. The recent advances in nanotechnology delivery techniques may provide exciting future technology to investigate the role of specific pro-inflammatory mediators as novel targets within the brain in the treatment of heart failure.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8928560
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89285602022-03-18 New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure Badoer, Emilio Front Physiol Physiology Heart failure is a growing medical problem. Although the underlying aetiology of heart failure differs according to the phenotype, there are some common characteristics observed in patients with heart failure. These include an increased sympathetic nerve activity, an activated renin–angiotensin system, and inflammation. The mechanisms mediating the increased sympathetic activity are not completely understood but the central nervous system plays a major role. Activation of the renin–angiotensin system plays an active role in the remodelling of the heart and in fluid and electrolyte imbalance. The presence of a central renin–angiotensin system means that locally produced angiotensin in the brain may also play a key role in autonomic dysfunction seen in heart failure. Markers of inflammation in the heart and in the circulation are observed in patients diagnosed with heart failure. Circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines can also influence cardiac function further afield than just locally in the heart including actions within the brain to activate the sympathetic nervous system. Preclinical evidence suggests that targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokines would be a useful therapy to treat heart failure. Most clinical studies have been disappointing. This mini-review suggests that pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain play a key role and there is a problem associated with access of effective doses of the drugs to the site of action in the brain. The recent advances in nanotechnology delivery techniques may provide exciting future technology to investigate the role of specific pro-inflammatory mediators as novel targets within the brain in the treatment of heart failure. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8928560/ /pubmed/35309046 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.837723 Text en Copyright © 2022 Badoer. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Badoer, Emilio
New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure
title New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure
title_full New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure
title_fullStr New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure
title_full_unstemmed New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure
title_short New Insights Into the Role of Inflammation in the Brain in Heart Failure
title_sort new insights into the role of inflammation in the brain in heart failure
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8928560/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35309046
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.837723
work_keys_str_mv AT badoeremilio newinsightsintotheroleofinflammationinthebraininheartfailure