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Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex

BACKGROUND: Adolescents’ developmental tasks and challenges vary based on age, sex, and social context. Food insecurity affects adolescents, but existing research has been limited to a few country contexts and has treated adolescence as a singular developmental moment with limited consideration of p...

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Autores principales: Fram, Maryah Stella, Nguyen, Hoa T, Frongillo, Edward A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8929982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35317415
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac024
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author Fram, Maryah Stella
Nguyen, Hoa T
Frongillo, Edward A
author_facet Fram, Maryah Stella
Nguyen, Hoa T
Frongillo, Edward A
author_sort Fram, Maryah Stella
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Adolescents’ developmental tasks and challenges vary based on age, sex, and social context. Food insecurity affects adolescents, but existing research has been limited to a few country contexts and has treated adolescence as a singular developmental moment with limited consideration of potential differences in how food insecurity relates to developmental experiences based on adolescent age and sex. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to describe relations between student-reported food insecurity and students’ profiles of nutritional, physical activity, school absenteeism, health/mental health, and victimization experiences, and how these differ by student age and sex. METHODS: Using cross-sectional data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey, we examined adolescent reports of their food security among 337,738 students 11–18 y old from 95 countries. We identified their profiles of focal experiences, and used mixed-effects linear and logistic regression models to examine differences in these profiles by student food insecurity and how these differ by student age and sex. RESULTS: Of students, 25.5% aged 11–14 y compared with 30% aged 15–18 y reported food insecurity in the past 30 d. Food insecurity was associated with less frequent fruit and vegetable intake; more frequent soft drink intake; worse mental health; less physical activity; more missed school; higher odds of smoking, drinking, and using drugs; and more bullying victimization and sexual partners. Food insecurity was associated with reduced age- and sex-specific protection: greater substance use among younger adolescents, more sexual partners among older females, and greater worry among younger males. Food insecurity was also associated with increased age-specific risk: greater soft drink consumption among younger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Across countries, adolescent food insecurity was associated with poorer nutritional, mental health, behavioral, and relationship profiles; these associations differed with student age and sex. Food insecurity interventions should attend to adolescent developmental stage and the gendered contexts through which adolescents navigate daily life.
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spelling pubmed-89299822022-03-21 Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex Fram, Maryah Stella Nguyen, Hoa T Frongillo, Edward A Curr Dev Nutr ORIGINAL RESEARCH BACKGROUND: Adolescents’ developmental tasks and challenges vary based on age, sex, and social context. Food insecurity affects adolescents, but existing research has been limited to a few country contexts and has treated adolescence as a singular developmental moment with limited consideration of potential differences in how food insecurity relates to developmental experiences based on adolescent age and sex. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to describe relations between student-reported food insecurity and students’ profiles of nutritional, physical activity, school absenteeism, health/mental health, and victimization experiences, and how these differ by student age and sex. METHODS: Using cross-sectional data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey, we examined adolescent reports of their food security among 337,738 students 11–18 y old from 95 countries. We identified their profiles of focal experiences, and used mixed-effects linear and logistic regression models to examine differences in these profiles by student food insecurity and how these differ by student age and sex. RESULTS: Of students, 25.5% aged 11–14 y compared with 30% aged 15–18 y reported food insecurity in the past 30 d. Food insecurity was associated with less frequent fruit and vegetable intake; more frequent soft drink intake; worse mental health; less physical activity; more missed school; higher odds of smoking, drinking, and using drugs; and more bullying victimization and sexual partners. Food insecurity was associated with reduced age- and sex-specific protection: greater substance use among younger adolescents, more sexual partners among older females, and greater worry among younger males. Food insecurity was also associated with increased age-specific risk: greater soft drink consumption among younger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Across countries, adolescent food insecurity was associated with poorer nutritional, mental health, behavioral, and relationship profiles; these associations differed with student age and sex. Food insecurity interventions should attend to adolescent developmental stage and the gendered contexts through which adolescents navigate daily life. Oxford University Press 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8929982/ /pubmed/35317415 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac024 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Fram, Maryah Stella
Nguyen, Hoa T
Frongillo, Edward A
Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex
title Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex
title_full Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex
title_fullStr Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex
title_full_unstemmed Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex
title_short Food Insecurity among Adolescent Students from 95 Countries Is Associated with Diet, Behavior, and Health, and Associations Differ by Student Age and Sex
title_sort food insecurity among adolescent students from 95 countries is associated with diet, behavior, and health, and associations differ by student age and sex
topic ORIGINAL RESEARCH
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8929982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35317415
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac024
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