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Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study
BACKGROUND: The mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 of BioNTech/Pfizer has shown high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and a severe course of the COVID-19 disease. However, little is known about the long-term durability of the induced immune response resulting from the vaccination. METHODS: In a longit...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8931311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35309303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.839922 |
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author | Herzberg, Jonas Fischer, Bastian Lindenkamp, Christopher Becher, Heiko Becker, Ann-Kristin Honarpisheh, Human Guraya, Salman Yousuf Strate, Tim Knabbe, Cornelius |
author_facet | Herzberg, Jonas Fischer, Bastian Lindenkamp, Christopher Becher, Heiko Becker, Ann-Kristin Honarpisheh, Human Guraya, Salman Yousuf Strate, Tim Knabbe, Cornelius |
author_sort | Herzberg, Jonas |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 of BioNTech/Pfizer has shown high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and a severe course of the COVID-19 disease. However, little is known about the long-term durability of the induced immune response resulting from the vaccination. METHODS: In a longitudinal observational study in employees at a German hospital we compared the humoral and cellular immune response in 184 participants after two doses of the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine (BNT162b2) with a mid-term follow-up after 9 months. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies were determined using both a quantitative and a semi-quantitative assay. For a qualitative assessment of the humoral immune response, we additionally measured neutralizing antibodies. Cellular immune response was evaluated by measuring Interferon-gamma release after stimulating blood-cells with SARS-CoV-2 specific peptides using a commercial assay. RESULTS: In the first analysis, a 100% humoral response rate was described after two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine with a mean antibody ratio of 8.01 ± 1.00. 9 months after the second dose of BNT162b2, serological testing showed a significant decreased mean antibody ratio of 3.84 ± 1.69 (p < 0.001). Neutralizing antibodies were still detectable in 96% of all participants, showing an average binding inhibition value of 68.20% ± 18.87%. Older age (p < 0.001) and obesity (p = 0.01) had a negative effect on the antibody persistence. SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular immune response was proven in 75% of individuals (mean Interferon-gamma release: 579.68 mlU/ml ± 705.56 mlU/ml). CONCLUSION: Our data shows a declining immune response 9 months after the second dose of BNT162b2, supporting the potentially beneficial effect of booster vaccinations, the negative effect of obesity and age stresses the need of booster doses especially in these groups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8931311 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89313112022-03-19 Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study Herzberg, Jonas Fischer, Bastian Lindenkamp, Christopher Becher, Heiko Becker, Ann-Kristin Honarpisheh, Human Guraya, Salman Yousuf Strate, Tim Knabbe, Cornelius Front Immunol Immunology BACKGROUND: The mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 of BioNTech/Pfizer has shown high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and a severe course of the COVID-19 disease. However, little is known about the long-term durability of the induced immune response resulting from the vaccination. METHODS: In a longitudinal observational study in employees at a German hospital we compared the humoral and cellular immune response in 184 participants after two doses of the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine (BNT162b2) with a mid-term follow-up after 9 months. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding antibodies were determined using both a quantitative and a semi-quantitative assay. For a qualitative assessment of the humoral immune response, we additionally measured neutralizing antibodies. Cellular immune response was evaluated by measuring Interferon-gamma release after stimulating blood-cells with SARS-CoV-2 specific peptides using a commercial assay. RESULTS: In the first analysis, a 100% humoral response rate was described after two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine with a mean antibody ratio of 8.01 ± 1.00. 9 months after the second dose of BNT162b2, serological testing showed a significant decreased mean antibody ratio of 3.84 ± 1.69 (p < 0.001). Neutralizing antibodies were still detectable in 96% of all participants, showing an average binding inhibition value of 68.20% ± 18.87%. Older age (p < 0.001) and obesity (p = 0.01) had a negative effect on the antibody persistence. SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular immune response was proven in 75% of individuals (mean Interferon-gamma release: 579.68 mlU/ml ± 705.56 mlU/ml). CONCLUSION: Our data shows a declining immune response 9 months after the second dose of BNT162b2, supporting the potentially beneficial effect of booster vaccinations, the negative effect of obesity and age stresses the need of booster doses especially in these groups. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8931311/ /pubmed/35309303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.839922 Text en Copyright © 2022 Herzberg, Fischer, Lindenkamp, Becher, Becker, Honarpisheh, Guraya, Strate and Knabbe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Herzberg, Jonas Fischer, Bastian Lindenkamp, Christopher Becher, Heiko Becker, Ann-Kristin Honarpisheh, Human Guraya, Salman Yousuf Strate, Tim Knabbe, Cornelius Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study |
title | Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study |
title_full | Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study |
title_fullStr | Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study |
title_short | Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study |
title_sort | persistence of immune response in health care workers after two doses bnt162b2 in a longitudinal observational study |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8931311/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35309303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.839922 |
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