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The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders
The gastrointestinal tract contains trillions of microorganisms that exist symbiotically with the host due to a tolerant, regulatory cell–rich intestinal immune system. However, this intimate relationship with the microbiome inevitably comes with risks, with intestinal organisms being the most commo...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Rockefeller University Press
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8932540/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35195681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20211520 |
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author | Di Marco Barros, Rafael Fitzpatrick, Zachary Clatworthy, Menna R. |
author_facet | Di Marco Barros, Rafael Fitzpatrick, Zachary Clatworthy, Menna R. |
author_sort | Di Marco Barros, Rafael |
collection | PubMed |
description | The gastrointestinal tract contains trillions of microorganisms that exist symbiotically with the host due to a tolerant, regulatory cell–rich intestinal immune system. However, this intimate relationship with the microbiome inevitably comes with risks, with intestinal organisms being the most common cause of bacteremia. The vasculature of the brain-lining meninges contains fenestrated endothelium, conferring vulnerability to invasion by circulating microbes. We propose that this has evolutionarily led to close links between gut and meningeal immunity, to prime the central nervous system defense against the most likely invaders. This paradigm is exemplified by the dural venous sinus IgA defense system, where the antibody repertoire mirrors that of the gut. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8932540 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Rockefeller University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89325402022-03-21 The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders Di Marco Barros, Rafael Fitzpatrick, Zachary Clatworthy, Menna R. J Exp Med Perspective The gastrointestinal tract contains trillions of microorganisms that exist symbiotically with the host due to a tolerant, regulatory cell–rich intestinal immune system. However, this intimate relationship with the microbiome inevitably comes with risks, with intestinal organisms being the most common cause of bacteremia. The vasculature of the brain-lining meninges contains fenestrated endothelium, conferring vulnerability to invasion by circulating microbes. We propose that this has evolutionarily led to close links between gut and meningeal immunity, to prime the central nervous system defense against the most likely invaders. This paradigm is exemplified by the dural venous sinus IgA defense system, where the antibody repertoire mirrors that of the gut. Rockefeller University Press 2022-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8932540/ /pubmed/35195681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20211520 Text en © 2022 Di Marco Barros et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution 4.0 International, as described at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Perspective Di Marco Barros, Rafael Fitzpatrick, Zachary Clatworthy, Menna R. The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders |
title | The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders |
title_full | The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders |
title_fullStr | The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders |
title_full_unstemmed | The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders |
title_short | The gut–meningeal immune axis: Priming brain defense against the most likely invaders |
title_sort | gut–meningeal immune axis: priming brain defense against the most likely invaders |
topic | Perspective |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8932540/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35195681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20211520 |
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