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The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development

The Spt4-Spt5 complex is conserved and essential RNA polymerase elongation factor. To investigate the role of the Spt4-Spt5 complex in non-coding transcription during development, we used the unicellular model Paramecium tetraurelia. In this organism harboring both germline and somatic nuclei, massi...

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Autores principales: Owsian, Dawid, Gruchota, Julita, Arnaiz, Olivier, Nowak, Jacek K
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8934623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35188560
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkac106
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author Owsian, Dawid
Gruchota, Julita
Arnaiz, Olivier
Nowak, Jacek K
author_facet Owsian, Dawid
Gruchota, Julita
Arnaiz, Olivier
Nowak, Jacek K
author_sort Owsian, Dawid
collection PubMed
description The Spt4-Spt5 complex is conserved and essential RNA polymerase elongation factor. To investigate the role of the Spt4-Spt5 complex in non-coding transcription during development, we used the unicellular model Paramecium tetraurelia. In this organism harboring both germline and somatic nuclei, massive transcription of the entire germline genome takes place during meiosis. This phenomenon starts a series of events mediated by different classes of non-coding RNAs that control developmentally programmed DNA elimination. We focused our study on Spt4, a small zinc-finger protein encoded in P. tetraurelia by two genes expressed constitutively and two genes expressed during meiosis. SPT4 genes are not essential in vegetative growth, but they are indispensable for sexual reproduction, even though genes from both expression families show functional redundancy. Silencing of the SPT4 genes resulted in the absence of double-stranded ncRNAs and reduced levels of scnRNAs – 25 nt-long sRNAs produced from these double-stranded precursors in the germline nucleus. Moreover, we observed that the presence of a germline-specific Spt4-Spt5m complex is necessary for transfer of the scnRNA-binding PIWI protein between the germline and somatic nucleus. Our study establishes that Spt4, together with Spt5m, is essential for expression of the germline genome and necessary for developmental genome rearrangements.
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spelling pubmed-89346232022-03-21 The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development Owsian, Dawid Gruchota, Julita Arnaiz, Olivier Nowak, Jacek K Nucleic Acids Res Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics The Spt4-Spt5 complex is conserved and essential RNA polymerase elongation factor. To investigate the role of the Spt4-Spt5 complex in non-coding transcription during development, we used the unicellular model Paramecium tetraurelia. In this organism harboring both germline and somatic nuclei, massive transcription of the entire germline genome takes place during meiosis. This phenomenon starts a series of events mediated by different classes of non-coding RNAs that control developmentally programmed DNA elimination. We focused our study on Spt4, a small zinc-finger protein encoded in P. tetraurelia by two genes expressed constitutively and two genes expressed during meiosis. SPT4 genes are not essential in vegetative growth, but they are indispensable for sexual reproduction, even though genes from both expression families show functional redundancy. Silencing of the SPT4 genes resulted in the absence of double-stranded ncRNAs and reduced levels of scnRNAs – 25 nt-long sRNAs produced from these double-stranded precursors in the germline nucleus. Moreover, we observed that the presence of a germline-specific Spt4-Spt5m complex is necessary for transfer of the scnRNA-binding PIWI protein between the germline and somatic nucleus. Our study establishes that Spt4, together with Spt5m, is essential for expression of the germline genome and necessary for developmental genome rearrangements. Oxford University Press 2022-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8934623/ /pubmed/35188560 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkac106 Text en © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics
Owsian, Dawid
Gruchota, Julita
Arnaiz, Olivier
Nowak, Jacek K
The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development
title The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development
title_full The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development
title_fullStr The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development
title_full_unstemmed The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development
title_short The transient Spt4-Spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding RNAs during development
title_sort transient spt4-spt5 complex as an upstream regulator of non-coding rnas during development
topic Gene regulation, Chromatin and Epigenetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8934623/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35188560
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkac106
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