Cargando…

The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings

The current study evaluated the effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings. A completely randomized 2 × 3 factorial design was adopted with 2 CP levels (180 [18CP] and 2...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Xi, Yumeng, Huang, Yuanpi, Li, Yue, Huang, Yunmao, Yan, Junshu, Shi, Zhendan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8938869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35325834
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2022.101780
_version_ 1784672640565248000
author Xi, Yumeng
Huang, Yuanpi
Li, Yue
Huang, Yunmao
Yan, Junshu
Shi, Zhendan
author_facet Xi, Yumeng
Huang, Yuanpi
Li, Yue
Huang, Yunmao
Yan, Junshu
Shi, Zhendan
author_sort Xi, Yumeng
collection PubMed
description The current study evaluated the effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings. A completely randomized 2 × 3 factorial design was adopted with 2 CP levels (180 [18CP] and 220 [22CP] g/kg) and 3 crude fiber (CF) levels (30 [low CF], 50 [mid CF], and 70 [high CF] g/kg). The high CP or low CF diets predisposed the goslings to gout. The high protein diets worsened renal function; serum concentrations of UA and Cr as well as XOD activity in 9-day-old goslings fed 22% CP diets were significantly increased. Although CF levels from 3 to 7% did not directly affect kidney health, increasing CF levels might accelerate the increase of probiotics in the cecum of goslings and withhold maleficent bacteria, alleviating the gut dysbiosis caused by high protein diets. An analysis of the cecal microbiota via 16Sr RNA sequencing revealed that the abundance of Enterococcus in the 22CP group was higher than that in the 18CP group but decreased with increasing CF levels on d 9. The abundance of Lactobacillus increased with increasing CF levels. Additionally, higher serum LPS and proinflammatory cytokine concentrations and upregulated mRNA expression levels in the cecal, tonsil, and kidney tissues indicated that high-protein diets could activate the TLR4/MyD88/NFκB pathway and induce both intestinal and renal inflammation in young goslings. Serum LPS concentrations on d 9 were found to decrease with increasing CF, although altering dietary CF levels did not directly affect the serum immune indices of goslings. In conclusion, the high CP diet exerted a negative effect on gout occurrence, microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings, while appropriately increased dietary fiber levels helped maintain intestinal balance and reduced serum LPS concentration. We propose a diet of 18% CP paired with a 5% CF as the optimal combination for gosling feed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8938869
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Elsevier
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89388692022-03-23 The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings Xi, Yumeng Huang, Yuanpi Li, Yue Huang, Yunmao Yan, Junshu Shi, Zhendan Poult Sci METABOLISM AND NUTRITION The current study evaluated the effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings. A completely randomized 2 × 3 factorial design was adopted with 2 CP levels (180 [18CP] and 220 [22CP] g/kg) and 3 crude fiber (CF) levels (30 [low CF], 50 [mid CF], and 70 [high CF] g/kg). The high CP or low CF diets predisposed the goslings to gout. The high protein diets worsened renal function; serum concentrations of UA and Cr as well as XOD activity in 9-day-old goslings fed 22% CP diets were significantly increased. Although CF levels from 3 to 7% did not directly affect kidney health, increasing CF levels might accelerate the increase of probiotics in the cecum of goslings and withhold maleficent bacteria, alleviating the gut dysbiosis caused by high protein diets. An analysis of the cecal microbiota via 16Sr RNA sequencing revealed that the abundance of Enterococcus in the 22CP group was higher than that in the 18CP group but decreased with increasing CF levels on d 9. The abundance of Lactobacillus increased with increasing CF levels. Additionally, higher serum LPS and proinflammatory cytokine concentrations and upregulated mRNA expression levels in the cecal, tonsil, and kidney tissues indicated that high-protein diets could activate the TLR4/MyD88/NFκB pathway and induce both intestinal and renal inflammation in young goslings. Serum LPS concentrations on d 9 were found to decrease with increasing CF, although altering dietary CF levels did not directly affect the serum immune indices of goslings. In conclusion, the high CP diet exerted a negative effect on gout occurrence, microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings, while appropriately increased dietary fiber levels helped maintain intestinal balance and reduced serum LPS concentration. We propose a diet of 18% CP paired with a 5% CF as the optimal combination for gosling feed. Elsevier 2022-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8938869/ /pubmed/35325834 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2022.101780 Text en © 2022 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle METABOLISM AND NUTRITION
Xi, Yumeng
Huang, Yuanpi
Li, Yue
Huang, Yunmao
Yan, Junshu
Shi, Zhendan
The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings
title The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings
title_full The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings
title_fullStr The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings
title_full_unstemmed The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings
title_short The effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings
title_sort effects of dietary protein and fiber levels on growth performance, gout occurrence, intestinal microbial communities, and immunoregulation in the gut-kidney axis of goslings
topic METABOLISM AND NUTRITION
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8938869/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35325834
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2022.101780
work_keys_str_mv AT xiyumeng theeffectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT huangyuanpi theeffectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT liyue theeffectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT huangyunmao theeffectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT yanjunshu theeffectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT shizhendan theeffectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT xiyumeng effectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT huangyuanpi effectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT liyue effectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT huangyunmao effectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT yanjunshu effectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings
AT shizhendan effectsofdietaryproteinandfiberlevelsongrowthperformancegoutoccurrenceintestinalmicrobialcommunitiesandimmunoregulationinthegutkidneyaxisofgoslings