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Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage

[Image: see text] Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are highly resistant to heat and various acids and bases. They are also cheap, highly porous, eco-friendly polymer biomaterials with stable microencapsulation capacity. Due to their strong and uniquely shaped exine layers, they can allow growth o...

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Autores principales: Atalay, Funda Ersoy, Culum, Ayse Asiye, Kaya, Harun, Gokturk, Gunay, Yigit, Emel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2022
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8941510/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35201750
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.2c00071
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author Atalay, Funda Ersoy
Culum, Ayse Asiye
Kaya, Harun
Gokturk, Gunay
Yigit, Emel
author_facet Atalay, Funda Ersoy
Culum, Ayse Asiye
Kaya, Harun
Gokturk, Gunay
Yigit, Emel
author_sort Atalay, Funda Ersoy
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are highly resistant to heat and various acids and bases. They are also cheap, highly porous, eco-friendly polymer biomaterials with stable microencapsulation capacity. Due to their strong and uniquely shaped exine layers, they can allow growth on metal oxide materials, as a biotemplate for use in different applications. In this study, first, a single SEC extraction method was applied to three different pollens from Pinus, Fraxinus excelsior, and Tilia. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) measurements both before and after the extraction process were performed to observe changes in surface area, morphology, porous structure, and degradation properties. The protein content and removal were analyzed by elemental and spectrophotometric analyses. Then, SECs were loaded by passive and centrifuge loading for drug delivery, and the loading capacities were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and spectrophotometry. The method was successful in opening the pores and maintaining the structural integrity of SECs. It was determined that the morphology and porosity affected the encapsulation efficiency. According to the loading capacities, Tilia SECs were the most efficient SECs for both loading methods. In addition, three different SECs were hydrothermally coated with cobalt and then heat-treated to obtain a metal oxide structure. A CO(3)O(4) supercapacitor electrode constructed using CO(3)O(4)-F. excelsior SEC powder had the best surface area parameters. The electrode showed a maximum specific capacity of 473 F/g for over 3000 continuous cycles of galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD).
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spelling pubmed-89415102022-03-28 Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage Atalay, Funda Ersoy Culum, Ayse Asiye Kaya, Harun Gokturk, Gunay Yigit, Emel ACS Appl Bio Mater [Image: see text] Sporopollenin exine capsules (SECs) are highly resistant to heat and various acids and bases. They are also cheap, highly porous, eco-friendly polymer biomaterials with stable microencapsulation capacity. Due to their strong and uniquely shaped exine layers, they can allow growth on metal oxide materials, as a biotemplate for use in different applications. In this study, first, a single SEC extraction method was applied to three different pollens from Pinus, Fraxinus excelsior, and Tilia. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA) measurements both before and after the extraction process were performed to observe changes in surface area, morphology, porous structure, and degradation properties. The protein content and removal were analyzed by elemental and spectrophotometric analyses. Then, SECs were loaded by passive and centrifuge loading for drug delivery, and the loading capacities were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and spectrophotometry. The method was successful in opening the pores and maintaining the structural integrity of SECs. It was determined that the morphology and porosity affected the encapsulation efficiency. According to the loading capacities, Tilia SECs were the most efficient SECs for both loading methods. In addition, three different SECs were hydrothermally coated with cobalt and then heat-treated to obtain a metal oxide structure. A CO(3)O(4) supercapacitor electrode constructed using CO(3)O(4)-F. excelsior SEC powder had the best surface area parameters. The electrode showed a maximum specific capacity of 473 F/g for over 3000 continuous cycles of galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD). American Chemical Society 2022-02-24 2022-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8941510/ /pubmed/35201750 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.2c00071 Text en © 2022 American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Permits the broadest form of re-use including for commercial purposes, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Atalay, Funda Ersoy
Culum, Ayse Asiye
Kaya, Harun
Gokturk, Gunay
Yigit, Emel
Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage
title Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage
title_full Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage
title_fullStr Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage
title_full_unstemmed Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage
title_short Different Plant Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Their Multifunctional Usage
title_sort different plant sporopollenin exine capsules and their multifunctional usage
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8941510/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35201750
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.2c00071
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