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A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination

OBJECTIVES: Antibody testing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been instrumental in detecting previous exposures and analyzing vaccine‐elicited immune responses. Here, we describe a scalable solution to detect and quantify SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, discriminate be...

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Autores principales: Colwill, Karen, Galipeau, Yannick, Stuible, Matthew, Gervais, Christian, Arnold, Corey, Rathod, Bhavisha, Abe, Kento T, Wang, Jenny H, Pasculescu, Adrian, Maltseva, Mariam, Rocheleau, Lynda, Pelchat, Martin, Fazel‐Zarandi, Mahya, Iskilova, Mariam, Barrios‐Rodiles, Miriam, Bennett, Linda, Yau, Kevin, Cholette, François, Mesa, Christine, Li, Angel X, Paterson, Aimee, Hladunewich, Michelle A, Goodwin, Pamela J, Wrana, Jeffrey L, Drews, Steven J, Mubareka, Samira, McGeer, Allison J, Kim, John, Langlois, Marc‐André, Gingras, Anne‐Claude, Durocher, Yves
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8942165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35356067
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1380
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author Colwill, Karen
Galipeau, Yannick
Stuible, Matthew
Gervais, Christian
Arnold, Corey
Rathod, Bhavisha
Abe, Kento T
Wang, Jenny H
Pasculescu, Adrian
Maltseva, Mariam
Rocheleau, Lynda
Pelchat, Martin
Fazel‐Zarandi, Mahya
Iskilova, Mariam
Barrios‐Rodiles, Miriam
Bennett, Linda
Yau, Kevin
Cholette, François
Mesa, Christine
Li, Angel X
Paterson, Aimee
Hladunewich, Michelle A
Goodwin, Pamela J
Wrana, Jeffrey L
Drews, Steven J
Mubareka, Samira
McGeer, Allison J
Kim, John
Langlois, Marc‐André
Gingras, Anne‐Claude
Durocher, Yves
author_facet Colwill, Karen
Galipeau, Yannick
Stuible, Matthew
Gervais, Christian
Arnold, Corey
Rathod, Bhavisha
Abe, Kento T
Wang, Jenny H
Pasculescu, Adrian
Maltseva, Mariam
Rocheleau, Lynda
Pelchat, Martin
Fazel‐Zarandi, Mahya
Iskilova, Mariam
Barrios‐Rodiles, Miriam
Bennett, Linda
Yau, Kevin
Cholette, François
Mesa, Christine
Li, Angel X
Paterson, Aimee
Hladunewich, Michelle A
Goodwin, Pamela J
Wrana, Jeffrey L
Drews, Steven J
Mubareka, Samira
McGeer, Allison J
Kim, John
Langlois, Marc‐André
Gingras, Anne‐Claude
Durocher, Yves
author_sort Colwill, Karen
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: Antibody testing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been instrumental in detecting previous exposures and analyzing vaccine‐elicited immune responses. Here, we describe a scalable solution to detect and quantify SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, discriminate between natural infection‐ and vaccination‐induced responses, and assess antibody‐mediated inhibition of the spike‐angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interaction. METHODS: We developed methods and reagents to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The main assays focus on the parallel detection of immunoglobulin (Ig)Gs against the spike trimer, its receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid (N). We automated a surrogate neutralisation (sn)ELISA that measures inhibition of ACE2‐spike or ‐RBD interactions by antibodies. The assays were calibrated to a World Health Organization reference standard. RESULTS: Our single‐point IgG‐based ELISAs accurately distinguished non‐infected and infected individuals. For seroprevalence assessment (in a non‐vaccinated cohort), classifying a sample as positive if antibodies were detected for ≥ 2 of the 3 antigens provided the highest specificity. In vaccinated cohorts, increases in anti‐spike and ‐RBD (but not ‐N) antibodies are observed. We present detailed protocols for serum/plasma or dried blood spots analysis performed manually and on automated platforms. The snELISA can be performed automatically at single points, increasing its scalability. CONCLUSIONS: Measuring antibodies to three viral antigens and identify neutralising antibodies capable of disrupting spike‐ACE2 interactions in high‐throughput enables large‐scale analyses of humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination. The reagents are available to enable scaling up of standardised serological assays, permitting inter‐laboratory data comparison and aggregation.
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spelling pubmed-89421652022-03-29 A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination Colwill, Karen Galipeau, Yannick Stuible, Matthew Gervais, Christian Arnold, Corey Rathod, Bhavisha Abe, Kento T Wang, Jenny H Pasculescu, Adrian Maltseva, Mariam Rocheleau, Lynda Pelchat, Martin Fazel‐Zarandi, Mahya Iskilova, Mariam Barrios‐Rodiles, Miriam Bennett, Linda Yau, Kevin Cholette, François Mesa, Christine Li, Angel X Paterson, Aimee Hladunewich, Michelle A Goodwin, Pamela J Wrana, Jeffrey L Drews, Steven J Mubareka, Samira McGeer, Allison J Kim, John Langlois, Marc‐André Gingras, Anne‐Claude Durocher, Yves Clin Transl Immunology Original Articles OBJECTIVES: Antibody testing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has been instrumental in detecting previous exposures and analyzing vaccine‐elicited immune responses. Here, we describe a scalable solution to detect and quantify SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, discriminate between natural infection‐ and vaccination‐induced responses, and assess antibody‐mediated inhibition of the spike‐angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interaction. METHODS: We developed methods and reagents to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The main assays focus on the parallel detection of immunoglobulin (Ig)Gs against the spike trimer, its receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid (N). We automated a surrogate neutralisation (sn)ELISA that measures inhibition of ACE2‐spike or ‐RBD interactions by antibodies. The assays were calibrated to a World Health Organization reference standard. RESULTS: Our single‐point IgG‐based ELISAs accurately distinguished non‐infected and infected individuals. For seroprevalence assessment (in a non‐vaccinated cohort), classifying a sample as positive if antibodies were detected for ≥ 2 of the 3 antigens provided the highest specificity. In vaccinated cohorts, increases in anti‐spike and ‐RBD (but not ‐N) antibodies are observed. We present detailed protocols for serum/plasma or dried blood spots analysis performed manually and on automated platforms. The snELISA can be performed automatically at single points, increasing its scalability. CONCLUSIONS: Measuring antibodies to three viral antigens and identify neutralising antibodies capable of disrupting spike‐ACE2 interactions in high‐throughput enables large‐scale analyses of humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination. The reagents are available to enable scaling up of standardised serological assays, permitting inter‐laboratory data comparison and aggregation. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8942165/ /pubmed/35356067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1380 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Colwill, Karen
Galipeau, Yannick
Stuible, Matthew
Gervais, Christian
Arnold, Corey
Rathod, Bhavisha
Abe, Kento T
Wang, Jenny H
Pasculescu, Adrian
Maltseva, Mariam
Rocheleau, Lynda
Pelchat, Martin
Fazel‐Zarandi, Mahya
Iskilova, Mariam
Barrios‐Rodiles, Miriam
Bennett, Linda
Yau, Kevin
Cholette, François
Mesa, Christine
Li, Angel X
Paterson, Aimee
Hladunewich, Michelle A
Goodwin, Pamela J
Wrana, Jeffrey L
Drews, Steven J
Mubareka, Samira
McGeer, Allison J
Kim, John
Langlois, Marc‐André
Gingras, Anne‐Claude
Durocher, Yves
A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
title A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
title_full A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
title_fullStr A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
title_full_unstemmed A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
title_short A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination
title_sort scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to sars‐cov‐2 infection and vaccination
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8942165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35356067
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1380
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