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An issue of concern: unique truncated ORF8 protein variants of SARS-CoV-2

Open reading frame 8 (ORF8) shows one of the highest levels of variability among accessory proteins in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). It was previously reported that the ORF8 protein inhibits the presentation...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hassan, Sk. Sarif, Kodakandla, Vaishnavi, Redwan, Elrashdy M., Lundstrom, Kenneth, Pal Choudhury, Pabitra, Abd El-Aziz, Tarek Mohamed, Takayama, Kazuo, Kandimalla, Ramesh, Lal, Amos, Serrano-Aroca, Ángel, Azad, Gajendra Kumar, Aljabali, Alaa A.A., Palù, Giorgio, Chauhan, Gaurav, Adadi, Parise, Tambuwala, Murtaza, Brufsky, Adam M., Baetas-da-Cruz, Wagner, Barh, Debmalya, Azevedo, Vasco, Bazan, Nikolas G., Andrade, Bruno Silva, Santana Silva, Raner José, Uversky, Vladimir N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8944340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35341060
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13136
Descripción
Sumario:Open reading frame 8 (ORF8) shows one of the highest levels of variability among accessory proteins in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). It was previously reported that the ORF8 protein inhibits the presentation of viral antigens by the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), which interacts with host factors involved in pulmonary inflammation. The ORF8 protein assists SARS-CoV-2 in evading immunity and plays a role in SARS-CoV-2 replication. Among many contributing mutations, Q27STOP, a mutation in the ORF8 protein, defines the B.1.1.7 lineage of SARS-CoV-2, engendering the second wave of COVID-19. In the present study, 47 unique truncated ORF8 proteins (T-ORF8) with the Q27STOP mutations were identified among 49,055 available B.1.1.7 SARS-CoV-2 sequences. The results show that only one of the 47 T-ORF8 variants spread to over 57 geo-locations in North America, and other continents, which include Africa, Asia, Europe and South America. Based on various quantitative features, such as amino acid homology, polar/non-polar sequence homology, Shannon entropy conservation, and other physicochemical properties of all specific 47 T-ORF8 protein variants, nine possible T-ORF8 unique variants were defined. The question as to whether T-ORF8 variants function similarly to the wild type ORF8 is yet to be investigated. A positive response to the question could exacerbate future COVID-19 waves, necessitating severe containment measures.