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Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease mainly associated with insulin resistance during obesity and constitutes a major public health problem worldwide. A strong link has been established between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis, an infectious dental disease characterized by chronic inflammation an...

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Autores principales: Thouvenot, Katy, Turpin, Teva, Taïlé, Janice, Clément, Karine, Meilhac, Olivier, Gonthier, Marie-Paule
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8945445/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35327570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12030378
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author Thouvenot, Katy
Turpin, Teva
Taïlé, Janice
Clément, Karine
Meilhac, Olivier
Gonthier, Marie-Paule
author_facet Thouvenot, Katy
Turpin, Teva
Taïlé, Janice
Clément, Karine
Meilhac, Olivier
Gonthier, Marie-Paule
author_sort Thouvenot, Katy
collection PubMed
description Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease mainly associated with insulin resistance during obesity and constitutes a major public health problem worldwide. A strong link has been established between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis, an infectious dental disease characterized by chronic inflammation and destruction of the tooth-supporting tissue or periodontium. However, the molecular mechanisms linking periodontal bacteria and insulin resistance remain poorly elucidated. This study aims to summarize the mechanisms possibly involved based on in vivo and in vitro studies and targets them for innovative therapies. Indeed, during periodontitis, inflammatory lesions of the periodontal tissue may allow periodontal bacteria to disseminate into the bloodstream and reach tissues, including adipose tissue and skeletal muscles that store glucose in response to insulin. Locally, periodontal bacteria and their components, such as lipopolysaccharides and gingipains, may deregulate inflammatory pathways, altering the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Moreover, periodontal bacteria may promote ROS overproduction via downregulation of the enzymatic antioxidant defense system, leading to oxidative stress. Crosstalk between players of inflammation and oxidative stress contributes to disruption of the insulin signaling pathway and promotes insulin resistance. In parallel, periodontal bacteria alter glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver and deregulate insulin production by pancreatic β-cells, contributing to hyperglycemia. Interestingly, therapeutic management of periodontitis reduces systemic inflammation markers and ameliorates insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients. Of note, plant polyphenols exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities as well as insulin-sensitizing and anti-bacterial actions. Thus, polyphenol-based therapies are of high interest for helping to counteract the deleterious effects of periodontal bacteria and improve insulin resistance.
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spelling pubmed-89454452022-03-25 Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols Thouvenot, Katy Turpin, Teva Taïlé, Janice Clément, Karine Meilhac, Olivier Gonthier, Marie-Paule Biomolecules Review Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease mainly associated with insulin resistance during obesity and constitutes a major public health problem worldwide. A strong link has been established between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis, an infectious dental disease characterized by chronic inflammation and destruction of the tooth-supporting tissue or periodontium. However, the molecular mechanisms linking periodontal bacteria and insulin resistance remain poorly elucidated. This study aims to summarize the mechanisms possibly involved based on in vivo and in vitro studies and targets them for innovative therapies. Indeed, during periodontitis, inflammatory lesions of the periodontal tissue may allow periodontal bacteria to disseminate into the bloodstream and reach tissues, including adipose tissue and skeletal muscles that store glucose in response to insulin. Locally, periodontal bacteria and their components, such as lipopolysaccharides and gingipains, may deregulate inflammatory pathways, altering the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Moreover, periodontal bacteria may promote ROS overproduction via downregulation of the enzymatic antioxidant defense system, leading to oxidative stress. Crosstalk between players of inflammation and oxidative stress contributes to disruption of the insulin signaling pathway and promotes insulin resistance. In parallel, periodontal bacteria alter glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver and deregulate insulin production by pancreatic β-cells, contributing to hyperglycemia. Interestingly, therapeutic management of periodontitis reduces systemic inflammation markers and ameliorates insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients. Of note, plant polyphenols exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities as well as insulin-sensitizing and anti-bacterial actions. Thus, polyphenol-based therapies are of high interest for helping to counteract the deleterious effects of periodontal bacteria and improve insulin resistance. MDPI 2022-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8945445/ /pubmed/35327570 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12030378 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Thouvenot, Katy
Turpin, Teva
Taïlé, Janice
Clément, Karine
Meilhac, Olivier
Gonthier, Marie-Paule
Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols
title Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols
title_full Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols
title_fullStr Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols
title_full_unstemmed Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols
title_short Links between Insulin Resistance and Periodontal Bacteria: Insights on Molecular Players and Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols
title_sort links between insulin resistance and periodontal bacteria: insights on molecular players and therapeutic potential of polyphenols
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8945445/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35327570
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12030378
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