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Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy

With the advent of cancer immunotherapy, there has been a major improvement in patient’s quality of life and survival. The growth of cancer immunotherapy has dramatically changed our understanding of the basics of cancer biology and has altered the standards of care (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemo...

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Autores principales: Guha, Prajna, Heatherton, Kara R., O’Connell, Kyle P., Alexander, Ian S., Katz, Steven C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8945484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35327456
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030655
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author Guha, Prajna
Heatherton, Kara R.
O’Connell, Kyle P.
Alexander, Ian S.
Katz, Steven C.
author_facet Guha, Prajna
Heatherton, Kara R.
O’Connell, Kyle P.
Alexander, Ian S.
Katz, Steven C.
author_sort Guha, Prajna
collection PubMed
description With the advent of cancer immunotherapy, there has been a major improvement in patient’s quality of life and survival. The growth of cancer immunotherapy has dramatically changed our understanding of the basics of cancer biology and has altered the standards of care (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) for patients. Cancer immunotherapy has generated significant excitement with the success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in particular. Clinical results using CAR-T for hematological malignancies have led to the approval of four CD19-targeted and one B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted cell therapy products by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Also, immune checkpoint inhibitors such as antibodies against Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1), Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1), and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) have shown promising therapeutic outcomes and long-lasting clinical effect in several tumor types and patients who are refractory to other treatments. Despite these promising results, the success of cancer immunotherapy in solid tumors has been limited due to several barriers, which include immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), inefficient trafficking, and heterogeneity of tumor antigens. This is further compounded by the high intra-tumoral pressure of solid tumors, which presents an additional challenge to successfully delivering treatments to solid tumors. In this review, we will outline and propose specific approaches that may overcome these immunological and physical barriers to improve the outcomes in solid tumor patients receiving immunotherapies.
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spelling pubmed-89454842022-03-25 Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy Guha, Prajna Heatherton, Kara R. O’Connell, Kyle P. Alexander, Ian S. Katz, Steven C. Biomedicines Review With the advent of cancer immunotherapy, there has been a major improvement in patient’s quality of life and survival. The growth of cancer immunotherapy has dramatically changed our understanding of the basics of cancer biology and has altered the standards of care (surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy) for patients. Cancer immunotherapy has generated significant excitement with the success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy in particular. Clinical results using CAR-T for hematological malignancies have led to the approval of four CD19-targeted and one B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted cell therapy products by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Also, immune checkpoint inhibitors such as antibodies against Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1), Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1), and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) have shown promising therapeutic outcomes and long-lasting clinical effect in several tumor types and patients who are refractory to other treatments. Despite these promising results, the success of cancer immunotherapy in solid tumors has been limited due to several barriers, which include immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), inefficient trafficking, and heterogeneity of tumor antigens. This is further compounded by the high intra-tumoral pressure of solid tumors, which presents an additional challenge to successfully delivering treatments to solid tumors. In this review, we will outline and propose specific approaches that may overcome these immunological and physical barriers to improve the outcomes in solid tumor patients receiving immunotherapies. MDPI 2022-03-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8945484/ /pubmed/35327456 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030655 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Guha, Prajna
Heatherton, Kara R.
O’Connell, Kyle P.
Alexander, Ian S.
Katz, Steven C.
Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy
title Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy
title_full Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy
title_fullStr Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy
title_short Assessing the Future of Solid Tumor Immunotherapy
title_sort assessing the future of solid tumor immunotherapy
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8945484/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35327456
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030655
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