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Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review

Background: There is currently a dearth of research on the neural framework of writing tasks in children, as measured by neuroimaging techniques. Objective: This paper provides an overview of the current literature examining the neurological underpinnings of written expression in children. Design: U...

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Autores principales: Costa, Lara-Jeane C., Spencer, Sarah V., Hooper, Stephen R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8945939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35326361
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030406
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author Costa, Lara-Jeane C.
Spencer, Sarah V.
Hooper, Stephen R.
author_facet Costa, Lara-Jeane C.
Spencer, Sarah V.
Hooper, Stephen R.
author_sort Costa, Lara-Jeane C.
collection PubMed
description Background: There is currently a dearth of research on the neural framework of writing tasks in children, as measured by neuroimaging techniques. Objective: This paper provides an overview of the current literature examining the neurological underpinnings of written expression in children. Design: Using a scoping review approach, with thorough searches of key databases, this paper presents the available literature comprising 13 different studies using both structural and functional neuroimaging techniques with the 0–18 English speaking population. Results: Studies largely presented small sample sizes, with most studies utilizing elementary or middle school-aged children. Emergent findings revealed a complex network of neural contributions to the writing process in children. There were associations between the left fusiform gyrus and orthographic coding (i.e., handwriting), and spelling and written composition measures were significantly correlated with activity in the left posterior cingulate, left precuneus, and right precuneus regions. Additionally, results revealed that good versus poor writers manifested differential brain activation patterns during many tasks associated with written expression, with good writers performing more efficiently than poor writers with respect to brain regions activated during a writing task across handwriting, spelling, and idea generation. Conclusions: The findings from this scoping review lay the foundation for future studies examining the interface between writing skills in children and underlying neural pathways that support the various components of the writing process. It will be important for future research to examine the neurological bases of the various components of written expression in children and adolescents.
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spelling pubmed-89459392022-03-25 Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review Costa, Lara-Jeane C. Spencer, Sarah V. Hooper, Stephen R. Brain Sci Review Background: There is currently a dearth of research on the neural framework of writing tasks in children, as measured by neuroimaging techniques. Objective: This paper provides an overview of the current literature examining the neurological underpinnings of written expression in children. Design: Using a scoping review approach, with thorough searches of key databases, this paper presents the available literature comprising 13 different studies using both structural and functional neuroimaging techniques with the 0–18 English speaking population. Results: Studies largely presented small sample sizes, with most studies utilizing elementary or middle school-aged children. Emergent findings revealed a complex network of neural contributions to the writing process in children. There were associations between the left fusiform gyrus and orthographic coding (i.e., handwriting), and spelling and written composition measures were significantly correlated with activity in the left posterior cingulate, left precuneus, and right precuneus regions. Additionally, results revealed that good versus poor writers manifested differential brain activation patterns during many tasks associated with written expression, with good writers performing more efficiently than poor writers with respect to brain regions activated during a writing task across handwriting, spelling, and idea generation. Conclusions: The findings from this scoping review lay the foundation for future studies examining the interface between writing skills in children and underlying neural pathways that support the various components of the writing process. It will be important for future research to examine the neurological bases of the various components of written expression in children and adolescents. MDPI 2022-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8945939/ /pubmed/35326361 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030406 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Costa, Lara-Jeane C.
Spencer, Sarah V.
Hooper, Stephen R.
Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review
title Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review
title_full Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review
title_fullStr Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review
title_full_unstemmed Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review
title_short Emergent Neuroimaging Findings for Written Expression in Children: A Scoping Review
title_sort emergent neuroimaging findings for written expression in children: a scoping review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8945939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35326361
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12030406
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