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MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms

Cell reprogramming is a groundbreaking technology that, in few decades, generated a new paradigm in biomedical science. To date we can use cell reprogramming to potentially generate every cell type by converting somatic cells and suitably modulating the expression of key transcription factors. This...

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Autores principales: Pascale, Emilia, Caiazza, Carmen, Paladino, Martina, Parisi, Silvia, Passaro, Fabiana, Caiazzo, Massimiliano
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8946776/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35326391
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060940
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author Pascale, Emilia
Caiazza, Carmen
Paladino, Martina
Parisi, Silvia
Passaro, Fabiana
Caiazzo, Massimiliano
author_facet Pascale, Emilia
Caiazza, Carmen
Paladino, Martina
Parisi, Silvia
Passaro, Fabiana
Caiazzo, Massimiliano
author_sort Pascale, Emilia
collection PubMed
description Cell reprogramming is a groundbreaking technology that, in few decades, generated a new paradigm in biomedical science. To date we can use cell reprogramming to potentially generate every cell type by converting somatic cells and suitably modulating the expression of key transcription factors. This approach can be used to convert skin fibroblasts into pluripotent stem cells as well as into a variety of differentiated and medically relevant cell types, including cardiomyocytes and neural cells. The molecular mechanisms underlying such striking cell phenotypes are still largely unknown, but in the last decade it has been proven that cell reprogramming approaches are significantly influenced by non-coding RNAs. Specifically, this review will focus on the role of microRNAs in the reprogramming processes that lead to the generation of pluripotent stem cells, neurons, and cardiomyocytes. As highlighted here, non-coding RNA-forced expression can be sufficient to support some cell reprogramming processes, and, therefore, we will also discuss how these molecular determinants could be used in the future for biomedical purposes.
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spelling pubmed-89467762022-03-25 MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms Pascale, Emilia Caiazza, Carmen Paladino, Martina Parisi, Silvia Passaro, Fabiana Caiazzo, Massimiliano Cells Review Cell reprogramming is a groundbreaking technology that, in few decades, generated a new paradigm in biomedical science. To date we can use cell reprogramming to potentially generate every cell type by converting somatic cells and suitably modulating the expression of key transcription factors. This approach can be used to convert skin fibroblasts into pluripotent stem cells as well as into a variety of differentiated and medically relevant cell types, including cardiomyocytes and neural cells. The molecular mechanisms underlying such striking cell phenotypes are still largely unknown, but in the last decade it has been proven that cell reprogramming approaches are significantly influenced by non-coding RNAs. Specifically, this review will focus on the role of microRNAs in the reprogramming processes that lead to the generation of pluripotent stem cells, neurons, and cardiomyocytes. As highlighted here, non-coding RNA-forced expression can be sufficient to support some cell reprogramming processes, and, therefore, we will also discuss how these molecular determinants could be used in the future for biomedical purposes. MDPI 2022-03-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8946776/ /pubmed/35326391 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060940 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Pascale, Emilia
Caiazza, Carmen
Paladino, Martina
Parisi, Silvia
Passaro, Fabiana
Caiazzo, Massimiliano
MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms
title MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms
title_full MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms
title_fullStr MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms
title_short MicroRNA Roles in Cell Reprogramming Mechanisms
title_sort microrna roles in cell reprogramming mechanisms
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8946776/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35326391
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060940
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