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Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory

Neuronal microtubules (MTs) are complex cytoskeletal protein arrays that undergo activity-dependent changes in their structure and function as a response to physiological demands throughout the lifespan of neurons. Many factors shape the allostatic dynamics of MTs and tubulin dimers in the cytosolic...

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Autores principales: Peña-Ortega, Fernando, Robles-Gómez, Ángel Abdiel, Xolalpa-Cueva, Lorena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8946818/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35326374
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060923
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author Peña-Ortega, Fernando
Robles-Gómez, Ángel Abdiel
Xolalpa-Cueva, Lorena
author_facet Peña-Ortega, Fernando
Robles-Gómez, Ángel Abdiel
Xolalpa-Cueva, Lorena
author_sort Peña-Ortega, Fernando
collection PubMed
description Neuronal microtubules (MTs) are complex cytoskeletal protein arrays that undergo activity-dependent changes in their structure and function as a response to physiological demands throughout the lifespan of neurons. Many factors shape the allostatic dynamics of MTs and tubulin dimers in the cytosolic microenvironment, such as protein–protein interactions and activity-dependent shifts in these interactions that are responsible for their plastic capabilities. Recently, several findings have reinforced the role of MTs in behavioral and cognitive processes in normal and pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the bidirectional relationships between MTs dynamics, neuronal processes, and brain and behavioral states. The outcomes of manipulating the dynamicity of MTs by genetic or pharmacological approaches on neuronal morphology, intrinsic and synaptic excitability, the state of the network, and behaviors are heterogeneous. We discuss the critical position of MTs as responders and adaptative elements of basic neuronal function whose impact on brain function is not fully understood, and we highlight the dilemma of artificially modulating MT dynamics for therapeutic purposes.
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spelling pubmed-89468182022-03-25 Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory Peña-Ortega, Fernando Robles-Gómez, Ángel Abdiel Xolalpa-Cueva, Lorena Cells Review Neuronal microtubules (MTs) are complex cytoskeletal protein arrays that undergo activity-dependent changes in their structure and function as a response to physiological demands throughout the lifespan of neurons. Many factors shape the allostatic dynamics of MTs and tubulin dimers in the cytosolic microenvironment, such as protein–protein interactions and activity-dependent shifts in these interactions that are responsible for their plastic capabilities. Recently, several findings have reinforced the role of MTs in behavioral and cognitive processes in normal and pathological conditions. In this review, we summarize the bidirectional relationships between MTs dynamics, neuronal processes, and brain and behavioral states. The outcomes of manipulating the dynamicity of MTs by genetic or pharmacological approaches on neuronal morphology, intrinsic and synaptic excitability, the state of the network, and behaviors are heterogeneous. We discuss the critical position of MTs as responders and adaptative elements of basic neuronal function whose impact on brain function is not fully understood, and we highlight the dilemma of artificially modulating MT dynamics for therapeutic purposes. MDPI 2022-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8946818/ /pubmed/35326374 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060923 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Peña-Ortega, Fernando
Robles-Gómez, Ángel Abdiel
Xolalpa-Cueva, Lorena
Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory
title Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory
title_full Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory
title_fullStr Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory
title_full_unstemmed Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory
title_short Microtubules as Regulators of Neural Network Shape and Function: Focus on Excitability, Plasticity and Memory
title_sort microtubules as regulators of neural network shape and function: focus on excitability, plasticity and memory
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8946818/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35326374
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11060923
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