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Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage
(1) Background: We investigated the association of four immune-inflammatory markers with clinical features and established location-specific nomograms to predict mortality risk in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). (2) Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 613 inpatients with acute ICH. (3...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8947714/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35328175 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030622 |
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author | Hsu, Hsien-Ta Chen, Pei-Ya Tzeng, I-Shiang Hsu, Po-Jen Lin, Shinn-Kuang |
author_facet | Hsu, Hsien-Ta Chen, Pei-Ya Tzeng, I-Shiang Hsu, Po-Jen Lin, Shinn-Kuang |
author_sort | Hsu, Hsien-Ta |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: We investigated the association of four immune-inflammatory markers with clinical features and established location-specific nomograms to predict mortality risk in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). (2) Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 613 inpatients with acute ICH. (3) Results: Overall mortality was 22%, which was highest in pontine hemorrhage and lowest in thalamic hemorrhage. All four immune-inflammatory markers exhibited a positive linear correlation with glucose, ICH volume, ICH score, and discharge Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Significant predictors of death due to lobar/putaminal hemorrhage were age, glucose and creatinine levels, initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, ICH volume, and presence of intraventricular hemorrhage. None of the immune-inflammatory markers were significant predictors of unfavorable outcome or death. We selected significant factors to establish nomograms for predicting death due to lobar/putaminal, thalamic, pontine, and cerebellar hemorrhages. The C-statistic for predicting death in model I (comprising factors in the establishment of the nomogram) in each type of ICH was higher than that in model II (comprising ICH score alone), except for cerebellar hemorrhage. These nomograms for predicting death had good discrimination (C-index: 0.889 to 0.975) and prediction probabilities (C-index: 0.890 to 0.965). (4) Conclusions: Higher immune-inflammatory markers were associated with larger ICH volume, worse initial GCS, and unfavorable outcomes, but were not independent prognostic predictors. The location-specific nomograms provided novel and accurate models for predicting mortality risk. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8947714 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89477142022-03-25 Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage Hsu, Hsien-Ta Chen, Pei-Ya Tzeng, I-Shiang Hsu, Po-Jen Lin, Shinn-Kuang Diagnostics (Basel) Article (1) Background: We investigated the association of four immune-inflammatory markers with clinical features and established location-specific nomograms to predict mortality risk in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). (2) Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 613 inpatients with acute ICH. (3) Results: Overall mortality was 22%, which was highest in pontine hemorrhage and lowest in thalamic hemorrhage. All four immune-inflammatory markers exhibited a positive linear correlation with glucose, ICH volume, ICH score, and discharge Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Significant predictors of death due to lobar/putaminal hemorrhage were age, glucose and creatinine levels, initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, ICH volume, and presence of intraventricular hemorrhage. None of the immune-inflammatory markers were significant predictors of unfavorable outcome or death. We selected significant factors to establish nomograms for predicting death due to lobar/putaminal, thalamic, pontine, and cerebellar hemorrhages. The C-statistic for predicting death in model I (comprising factors in the establishment of the nomogram) in each type of ICH was higher than that in model II (comprising ICH score alone), except for cerebellar hemorrhage. These nomograms for predicting death had good discrimination (C-index: 0.889 to 0.975) and prediction probabilities (C-index: 0.890 to 0.965). (4) Conclusions: Higher immune-inflammatory markers were associated with larger ICH volume, worse initial GCS, and unfavorable outcomes, but were not independent prognostic predictors. The location-specific nomograms provided novel and accurate models for predicting mortality risk. MDPI 2022-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8947714/ /pubmed/35328175 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030622 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hsu, Hsien-Ta Chen, Pei-Ya Tzeng, I-Shiang Hsu, Po-Jen Lin, Shinn-Kuang Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
title | Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
title_full | Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
title_fullStr | Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
title_full_unstemmed | Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
title_short | Correlation of Immune-Inflammatory Markers with Clinical Features and Novel Location-Specific Nomograms for Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage |
title_sort | correlation of immune-inflammatory markers with clinical features and novel location-specific nomograms for short-term outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8947714/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35328175 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030622 |
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