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Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

The nine-step test is a classical method for evaluating Eustachian tube function. It directly assesses the patient’s capacity to equilibrate middle ear pressure by swallowing. However, there are insufficient studies to appraise its diagnostic performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the...

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Autores principales: Bae, Seong Hoon, Moon, Seojin, Jeong, Mincheol, Moon, In Seok
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8947718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35328285
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030732
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author Bae, Seong Hoon
Moon, Seojin
Jeong, Mincheol
Moon, In Seok
author_facet Bae, Seong Hoon
Moon, Seojin
Jeong, Mincheol
Moon, In Seok
author_sort Bae, Seong Hoon
collection PubMed
description The nine-step test is a classical method for evaluating Eustachian tube function. It directly assesses the patient’s capacity to equilibrate middle ear pressure by swallowing. However, there are insufficient studies to appraise its diagnostic performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off value of the nine-step test in patients with obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (oETD) and patulous Eustachian tube (PET). Enrolled subjects were divided into three groups. Control (50 ears of healthy volunteers), oETD (19 ears with oETD), and PET (29 ears with PET). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of maximal peak pressure difference (ETTmd) in the nine-step test. Both the oETD group and the PET group showed decreased ETTmd. The nine-step test showed moderate accuracy when used to diagnose oETD (area under the curve = 0.875) and PET (area under the curve = 0.769). The highest diagnostic performance was observed when the cut-off value was 13 daPa for both the oETD group (sensitivity = 73.7%, specificity = 90.0%) and the PET group (sensitivity = 58.6%, specificity = 90.0%). The nine-step test has moderate diagnostic performance for oETD and PET.
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spelling pubmed-89477182022-03-25 Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Bae, Seong Hoon Moon, Seojin Jeong, Mincheol Moon, In Seok Diagnostics (Basel) Article The nine-step test is a classical method for evaluating Eustachian tube function. It directly assesses the patient’s capacity to equilibrate middle ear pressure by swallowing. However, there are insufficient studies to appraise its diagnostic performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off value of the nine-step test in patients with obstructive Eustachian tube dysfunction (oETD) and patulous Eustachian tube (PET). Enrolled subjects were divided into three groups. Control (50 ears of healthy volunteers), oETD (19 ears with oETD), and PET (29 ears with PET). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of maximal peak pressure difference (ETTmd) in the nine-step test. Both the oETD group and the PET group showed decreased ETTmd. The nine-step test showed moderate accuracy when used to diagnose oETD (area under the curve = 0.875) and PET (area under the curve = 0.769). The highest diagnostic performance was observed when the cut-off value was 13 daPa for both the oETD group (sensitivity = 73.7%, specificity = 90.0%) and the PET group (sensitivity = 58.6%, specificity = 90.0%). The nine-step test has moderate diagnostic performance for oETD and PET. MDPI 2022-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8947718/ /pubmed/35328285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030732 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bae, Seong Hoon
Moon, Seojin
Jeong, Mincheol
Moon, In Seok
Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
title Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
title_full Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
title_fullStr Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
title_full_unstemmed Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
title_short Revisiting the Diagnostic Performance of the Modified Nine-Step Test for Obstructive and Patulous Eustachian Tube Dysfunction
title_sort revisiting the diagnostic performance of the modified nine-step test for obstructive and patulous eustachian tube dysfunction
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8947718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35328285
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12030732
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