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Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study
OBJECTIVES: We studied the prevalence of atherosclerosis among ischaemic stroke patients ≤60 years and controls at the time of the index stroke, and its association with occurrence of new cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality at a 5-year follow-up. METHODS: Prevalent atherosclerosis was assesse...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948509/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35342817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23969873211059472 |
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author | Nawaz, Beenish Fromm, Annette Øygarden, Halvor Eide, Geir E Saeed, Sahrai Meijer, Rudy Bots, Michiel L Sand, Kristin M Thomassen, Lars Næss, Halvor Waje-Andreassen, Ulrike |
author_facet | Nawaz, Beenish Fromm, Annette Øygarden, Halvor Eide, Geir E Saeed, Sahrai Meijer, Rudy Bots, Michiel L Sand, Kristin M Thomassen, Lars Næss, Halvor Waje-Andreassen, Ulrike |
author_sort | Nawaz, Beenish |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: We studied the prevalence of atherosclerosis among ischaemic stroke patients ≤60 years and controls at the time of the index stroke, and its association with occurrence of new cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality at a 5-year follow-up. METHODS: Prevalent atherosclerosis was assessed for 385 patients and 260 controls in seven vascular areas by electrocardiogram (ECG), ankle–arm index (AAI) and measurement of right and left carotid and femoral intima-media thickness (cIMT and fIMT) and abdominal aorta plaques (AAP). Clinical end-points were any new CVE (stroke, angina, myocardial infarction or peripheral arterial disease) or death from any cause at 5-year follow-up. All results were sex- and age-adjusted; logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were applied. RESULTS: Young patients ≤49 years had prevalent atherosclerosis in 1/2 of males and 1/3 of females. Compared with controls, young female patients showed significantly higher prevalent atherosclerosis, p = 0.024. Ischaemic ECG and mean cIMT were higher in young and middle-aged female patients (p = 0.044, p = 0.020, p = 0.023 and p <0.001, respectively). Mean fIMT was higher in middle-aged female patients (p <0.001). Cardiovascular events were associated with ischaemic ECG; AAI ≤0.9, fIMT ≥0.9 mm and increased number of areas with atherosclerosis (NAA) among patients, and with AAP, cIMT ≥0.9 mm, fIMT ≥0.9 mm and NAA among controls. Mortality was associated with higher age, ischaemic ECG and NAA among patients, and cIMT ≥0.9 mm among controls. CONCLUSION: Atherosclerosis is highly prevalent even in young stroke patients. Some areas and increasing NAA are associated with CVEs and death. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8948509 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89485092022-03-26 Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study Nawaz, Beenish Fromm, Annette Øygarden, Halvor Eide, Geir E Saeed, Sahrai Meijer, Rudy Bots, Michiel L Sand, Kristin M Thomassen, Lars Næss, Halvor Waje-Andreassen, Ulrike Eur Stroke J Original Research Articles OBJECTIVES: We studied the prevalence of atherosclerosis among ischaemic stroke patients ≤60 years and controls at the time of the index stroke, and its association with occurrence of new cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality at a 5-year follow-up. METHODS: Prevalent atherosclerosis was assessed for 385 patients and 260 controls in seven vascular areas by electrocardiogram (ECG), ankle–arm index (AAI) and measurement of right and left carotid and femoral intima-media thickness (cIMT and fIMT) and abdominal aorta plaques (AAP). Clinical end-points were any new CVE (stroke, angina, myocardial infarction or peripheral arterial disease) or death from any cause at 5-year follow-up. All results were sex- and age-adjusted; logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were applied. RESULTS: Young patients ≤49 years had prevalent atherosclerosis in 1/2 of males and 1/3 of females. Compared with controls, young female patients showed significantly higher prevalent atherosclerosis, p = 0.024. Ischaemic ECG and mean cIMT were higher in young and middle-aged female patients (p = 0.044, p = 0.020, p = 0.023 and p <0.001, respectively). Mean fIMT was higher in middle-aged female patients (p <0.001). Cardiovascular events were associated with ischaemic ECG; AAI ≤0.9, fIMT ≥0.9 mm and increased number of areas with atherosclerosis (NAA) among patients, and with AAP, cIMT ≥0.9 mm, fIMT ≥0.9 mm and NAA among controls. Mortality was associated with higher age, ischaemic ECG and NAA among patients, and cIMT ≥0.9 mm among controls. CONCLUSION: Atherosclerosis is highly prevalent even in young stroke patients. Some areas and increasing NAA are associated with CVEs and death. SAGE Publications 2021-11-11 2021-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8948509/ /pubmed/35342817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23969873211059472 Text en © European Stroke Organisation 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Articles Nawaz, Beenish Fromm, Annette Øygarden, Halvor Eide, Geir E Saeed, Sahrai Meijer, Rudy Bots, Michiel L Sand, Kristin M Thomassen, Lars Næss, Halvor Waje-Andreassen, Ulrike Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study |
title | Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study |
title_full | Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study |
title_short | Prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: The Norwegian Stroke in the Young Study |
title_sort | prevalence of atherosclerosis and association with 5-year outcome: the norwegian stroke in the young study |
topic | Original Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948509/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35342817 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23969873211059472 |
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