Cargando…
Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19
Background: Most residents and staff in nursing homes have received full vaccination. Factors related to the immune response to vaccination might be related to the risk of future severe COVID-19 and may guide the need for vaccine boosters. Design: Nursing homes that were tested in a point survey in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948814/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030383 |
_version_ | 1784674743386898432 |
---|---|
author | San Román, Jesús Candel, Francisco Javier Sanz, Juan Carlos López, Paloma Menéndez-Colino, Rocío Barreiro, Pablo Carretero, María del Mar Pérez-Abeledo, Marta Viñuela-Prieto, José Manuel Ramos, Belén Canora, Jesús Barba, Raquel Zapatero-Gaviria, Antonio Martínez-Peromingo, Franciso Javier |
author_facet | San Román, Jesús Candel, Francisco Javier Sanz, Juan Carlos López, Paloma Menéndez-Colino, Rocío Barreiro, Pablo Carretero, María del Mar Pérez-Abeledo, Marta Viñuela-Prieto, José Manuel Ramos, Belén Canora, Jesús Barba, Raquel Zapatero-Gaviria, Antonio Martínez-Peromingo, Franciso Javier |
author_sort | San Román, Jesús |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Most residents and staff in nursing homes have received full vaccination. Factors related to the immune response to vaccination might be related to the risk of future severe COVID-19 and may guide the need for vaccine boosters. Design: Nursing homes that were tested in a point survey in July-October 2020 were again analyzed after a vaccination campaign in June-July 2021. Immune responses according to IgG against nucleocapsid and spike antigens, and CD4 and CD8 interferon-gamma release assay against spike antigens, were evaluated. Results: A total of 1973 subjects were tested (61.7% residents, 48.3% staff), with a mean (SD) follow-up of 46.4 (3.6) weeks between assessments. More than half of residents and more than a third of staff had evidence of COVID-19 before vaccination; 26.9% and 22.7% had seroreversion of IgG-N, and 8.9% and 4.6% had IgG-N seroconversion at second assessment, respectively. Up to 96.8% of residents and 98.1% of workers had positive IgG-S after a mean of 19.9 (2.1) weeks after vaccination. In residents with vs without a history of COVID-19, IgG-S titers were 4.11 (0.54) vs. 2.73 (0.74) logAU/mL (p < 0.001); in workers these titers were 3.89 (0.61) vs. 3.15 (0.64) logAU/mL (p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that younger age (OR: −0.03 per 10 years-older [95% CI, −0.04 to −0.02], p < 0.001) and evidence of COVID-19 (OR: 1.14 [95% CI, 1.08 to 1.20], p < 0.001) are associated with greater IgG-S titers after vaccination. A direct association was found between IgG-S titers and the intensity of IFN-gamma response against spike antigens. Conclusions: Waning of humoral response and reinfection seems to be more frequent in older as compared to younger adults, although cellular responses shortly after vaccination are comparable between these groups. Younger age and prior COVID-19 are related to greater humoral response after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8948814 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89488142022-03-26 Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19 San Román, Jesús Candel, Francisco Javier Sanz, Juan Carlos López, Paloma Menéndez-Colino, Rocío Barreiro, Pablo Carretero, María del Mar Pérez-Abeledo, Marta Viñuela-Prieto, José Manuel Ramos, Belén Canora, Jesús Barba, Raquel Zapatero-Gaviria, Antonio Martínez-Peromingo, Franciso Javier Vaccines (Basel) Brief Report Background: Most residents and staff in nursing homes have received full vaccination. Factors related to the immune response to vaccination might be related to the risk of future severe COVID-19 and may guide the need for vaccine boosters. Design: Nursing homes that were tested in a point survey in July-October 2020 were again analyzed after a vaccination campaign in June-July 2021. Immune responses according to IgG against nucleocapsid and spike antigens, and CD4 and CD8 interferon-gamma release assay against spike antigens, were evaluated. Results: A total of 1973 subjects were tested (61.7% residents, 48.3% staff), with a mean (SD) follow-up of 46.4 (3.6) weeks between assessments. More than half of residents and more than a third of staff had evidence of COVID-19 before vaccination; 26.9% and 22.7% had seroreversion of IgG-N, and 8.9% and 4.6% had IgG-N seroconversion at second assessment, respectively. Up to 96.8% of residents and 98.1% of workers had positive IgG-S after a mean of 19.9 (2.1) weeks after vaccination. In residents with vs without a history of COVID-19, IgG-S titers were 4.11 (0.54) vs. 2.73 (0.74) logAU/mL (p < 0.001); in workers these titers were 3.89 (0.61) vs. 3.15 (0.64) logAU/mL (p < 0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that younger age (OR: −0.03 per 10 years-older [95% CI, −0.04 to −0.02], p < 0.001) and evidence of COVID-19 (OR: 1.14 [95% CI, 1.08 to 1.20], p < 0.001) are associated with greater IgG-S titers after vaccination. A direct association was found between IgG-S titers and the intensity of IFN-gamma response against spike antigens. Conclusions: Waning of humoral response and reinfection seems to be more frequent in older as compared to younger adults, although cellular responses shortly after vaccination are comparable between these groups. Younger age and prior COVID-19 are related to greater humoral response after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. MDPI 2022-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8948814/ /pubmed/35335015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030383 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Brief Report San Román, Jesús Candel, Francisco Javier Sanz, Juan Carlos López, Paloma Menéndez-Colino, Rocío Barreiro, Pablo Carretero, María del Mar Pérez-Abeledo, Marta Viñuela-Prieto, José Manuel Ramos, Belén Canora, Jesús Barba, Raquel Zapatero-Gaviria, Antonio Martínez-Peromingo, Franciso Javier Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19 |
title | Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19 |
title_full | Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19 |
title_fullStr | Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19 |
title_full_unstemmed | Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19 |
title_short | Humoral and Cellular Response after mRNA Vaccination in Nursing Homes: Influence of Age and of History of COVID-19 |
title_sort | humoral and cellular response after mrna vaccination in nursing homes: influence of age and of history of covid-19 |
topic | Brief Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948814/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030383 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sanromanjesus humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT candelfranciscojavier humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT sanzjuancarlos humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT lopezpaloma humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT menendezcolinorocio humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT barreiropablo humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT carreteromariadelmar humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT perezabeledomarta humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT vinuelaprietojosemanuel humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT ramosbelen humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT canorajesus humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT barbaraquel humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT zapaterogaviriaantonio humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT martinezperomingofrancisojavier humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 AT humoralandcellularresponseaftermrnavaccinationinnursinghomesinfluenceofageandofhistoryofcovid19 |