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COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of immunity in vaccinated individuals is resulting in increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. This study investigated binding antibody responses and neutralizing activities against...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8949546/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030391 |
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author | Suntronwong, Nungruthai Yorsaeng, Ritthideach Puenpa, Jiratchaya Auphimai, Chompoonut Thongmee, Thanunrat Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn Kanokudom, Sitthichai Duangchinda, Thaneeya Chantima, Warangkana Pakchotanon, Pattarakul Assawakosri, Suvichada Nilyanimit, Pornjarim Klinfueng, Sirapa Wongsrisang, Lakkhana Srimuan, Donchida Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn Sudhinaraset, Natthinee Wanlapakorn, Nasamon Poovorawan, Yong |
author_facet | Suntronwong, Nungruthai Yorsaeng, Ritthideach Puenpa, Jiratchaya Auphimai, Chompoonut Thongmee, Thanunrat Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn Kanokudom, Sitthichai Duangchinda, Thaneeya Chantima, Warangkana Pakchotanon, Pattarakul Assawakosri, Suvichada Nilyanimit, Pornjarim Klinfueng, Sirapa Wongsrisang, Lakkhana Srimuan, Donchida Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn Sudhinaraset, Natthinee Wanlapakorn, Nasamon Poovorawan, Yong |
author_sort | Suntronwong, Nungruthai |
collection | PubMed |
description | The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of immunity in vaccinated individuals is resulting in increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. This study investigated binding antibody responses and neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants, in patients with COVID-19 who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac (n = 77), individuals who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac but had not contracted COVID-19 (n = 170), and individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination (n = 210). Breakthrough infection was generally detected approximately 88 days after the second CoronaVac vaccination (interquartile range 68–100 days). Blood samples were collected at a median of 34 days after infection. Binding antibody levels in sera from patients with breakthrough infection were significantly higher than those in individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination. However, neutralizing activities against wild-type and variants, including alpha (B.1.1.7), beta (B.1.351), and delta (B.1.617.2), were comparable in patients with breakthrough infections and individuals who received a third vaccination with AZD1222, which exceeds 90%. Omicron (B.1.1.529) was neutralized less effectively by serum from breakthrough infection patients, with a 6.3-fold reduction compared to delta variants. The study suggests that breakthrough infection after two doses of an inactivated vaccine can induce neutralizing antibodies against omicron. Further investigation is needed to assess the long-term persistence of antibodies against the omicron variant. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8949546 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89495462022-03-26 COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron Suntronwong, Nungruthai Yorsaeng, Ritthideach Puenpa, Jiratchaya Auphimai, Chompoonut Thongmee, Thanunrat Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn Kanokudom, Sitthichai Duangchinda, Thaneeya Chantima, Warangkana Pakchotanon, Pattarakul Assawakosri, Suvichada Nilyanimit, Pornjarim Klinfueng, Sirapa Wongsrisang, Lakkhana Srimuan, Donchida Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn Sudhinaraset, Natthinee Wanlapakorn, Nasamon Poovorawan, Yong Vaccines (Basel) Communication The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of immunity in vaccinated individuals is resulting in increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. This study investigated binding antibody responses and neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants, in patients with COVID-19 who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac (n = 77), individuals who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac but had not contracted COVID-19 (n = 170), and individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination (n = 210). Breakthrough infection was generally detected approximately 88 days after the second CoronaVac vaccination (interquartile range 68–100 days). Blood samples were collected at a median of 34 days after infection. Binding antibody levels in sera from patients with breakthrough infection were significantly higher than those in individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination. However, neutralizing activities against wild-type and variants, including alpha (B.1.1.7), beta (B.1.351), and delta (B.1.617.2), were comparable in patients with breakthrough infections and individuals who received a third vaccination with AZD1222, which exceeds 90%. Omicron (B.1.1.529) was neutralized less effectively by serum from breakthrough infection patients, with a 6.3-fold reduction compared to delta variants. The study suggests that breakthrough infection after two doses of an inactivated vaccine can induce neutralizing antibodies against omicron. Further investigation is needed to assess the long-term persistence of antibodies against the omicron variant. MDPI 2022-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8949546/ /pubmed/35335023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030391 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Communication Suntronwong, Nungruthai Yorsaeng, Ritthideach Puenpa, Jiratchaya Auphimai, Chompoonut Thongmee, Thanunrat Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn Kanokudom, Sitthichai Duangchinda, Thaneeya Chantima, Warangkana Pakchotanon, Pattarakul Assawakosri, Suvichada Nilyanimit, Pornjarim Klinfueng, Sirapa Wongsrisang, Lakkhana Srimuan, Donchida Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn Sudhinaraset, Natthinee Wanlapakorn, Nasamon Poovorawan, Yong COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron |
title | COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron |
title_full | COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron |
title_fullStr | COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron |
title_short | COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron |
title_sort | covid-19 breakthrough infection after inactivated vaccine induced robust antibody responses and cross-neutralization of sars-cov-2 variants, but less immunity against omicron |
topic | Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8949546/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030391 |
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