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COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of immunity in vaccinated individuals is resulting in increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. This study investigated binding antibody responses and neutralizing activities against...

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Autores principales: Suntronwong, Nungruthai, Yorsaeng, Ritthideach, Puenpa, Jiratchaya, Auphimai, Chompoonut, Thongmee, Thanunrat, Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn, Kanokudom, Sitthichai, Duangchinda, Thaneeya, Chantima, Warangkana, Pakchotanon, Pattarakul, Assawakosri, Suvichada, Nilyanimit, Pornjarim, Klinfueng, Sirapa, Wongsrisang, Lakkhana, Srimuan, Donchida, Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn, Sudhinaraset, Natthinee, Wanlapakorn, Nasamon, Poovorawan, Yong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8949546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030391
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author Suntronwong, Nungruthai
Yorsaeng, Ritthideach
Puenpa, Jiratchaya
Auphimai, Chompoonut
Thongmee, Thanunrat
Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn
Kanokudom, Sitthichai
Duangchinda, Thaneeya
Chantima, Warangkana
Pakchotanon, Pattarakul
Assawakosri, Suvichada
Nilyanimit, Pornjarim
Klinfueng, Sirapa
Wongsrisang, Lakkhana
Srimuan, Donchida
Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn
Sudhinaraset, Natthinee
Wanlapakorn, Nasamon
Poovorawan, Yong
author_facet Suntronwong, Nungruthai
Yorsaeng, Ritthideach
Puenpa, Jiratchaya
Auphimai, Chompoonut
Thongmee, Thanunrat
Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn
Kanokudom, Sitthichai
Duangchinda, Thaneeya
Chantima, Warangkana
Pakchotanon, Pattarakul
Assawakosri, Suvichada
Nilyanimit, Pornjarim
Klinfueng, Sirapa
Wongsrisang, Lakkhana
Srimuan, Donchida
Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn
Sudhinaraset, Natthinee
Wanlapakorn, Nasamon
Poovorawan, Yong
author_sort Suntronwong, Nungruthai
collection PubMed
description The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of immunity in vaccinated individuals is resulting in increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. This study investigated binding antibody responses and neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants, in patients with COVID-19 who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac (n = 77), individuals who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac but had not contracted COVID-19 (n = 170), and individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination (n = 210). Breakthrough infection was generally detected approximately 88 days after the second CoronaVac vaccination (interquartile range 68–100 days). Blood samples were collected at a median of 34 days after infection. Binding antibody levels in sera from patients with breakthrough infection were significantly higher than those in individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination. However, neutralizing activities against wild-type and variants, including alpha (B.1.1.7), beta (B.1.351), and delta (B.1.617.2), were comparable in patients with breakthrough infections and individuals who received a third vaccination with AZD1222, which exceeds 90%. Omicron (B.1.1.529) was neutralized less effectively by serum from breakthrough infection patients, with a 6.3-fold reduction compared to delta variants. The study suggests that breakthrough infection after two doses of an inactivated vaccine can induce neutralizing antibodies against omicron. Further investigation is needed to assess the long-term persistence of antibodies against the omicron variant.
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spelling pubmed-89495462022-03-26 COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron Suntronwong, Nungruthai Yorsaeng, Ritthideach Puenpa, Jiratchaya Auphimai, Chompoonut Thongmee, Thanunrat Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn Kanokudom, Sitthichai Duangchinda, Thaneeya Chantima, Warangkana Pakchotanon, Pattarakul Assawakosri, Suvichada Nilyanimit, Pornjarim Klinfueng, Sirapa Wongsrisang, Lakkhana Srimuan, Donchida Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn Sudhinaraset, Natthinee Wanlapakorn, Nasamon Poovorawan, Yong Vaccines (Basel) Communication The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and the waning of immunity in vaccinated individuals is resulting in increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections. This study investigated binding antibody responses and neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants, in patients with COVID-19 who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac (n = 77), individuals who had been fully vaccinated with CoronaVac but had not contracted COVID-19 (n = 170), and individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination (n = 210). Breakthrough infection was generally detected approximately 88 days after the second CoronaVac vaccination (interquartile range 68–100 days). Blood samples were collected at a median of 34 days after infection. Binding antibody levels in sera from patients with breakthrough infection were significantly higher than those in individuals who had received AZD1222 as a third vaccination. However, neutralizing activities against wild-type and variants, including alpha (B.1.1.7), beta (B.1.351), and delta (B.1.617.2), were comparable in patients with breakthrough infections and individuals who received a third vaccination with AZD1222, which exceeds 90%. Omicron (B.1.1.529) was neutralized less effectively by serum from breakthrough infection patients, with a 6.3-fold reduction compared to delta variants. The study suggests that breakthrough infection after two doses of an inactivated vaccine can induce neutralizing antibodies against omicron. Further investigation is needed to assess the long-term persistence of antibodies against the omicron variant. MDPI 2022-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8949546/ /pubmed/35335023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030391 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Suntronwong, Nungruthai
Yorsaeng, Ritthideach
Puenpa, Jiratchaya
Auphimai, Chompoonut
Thongmee, Thanunrat
Vichaiwattana, Preeyaporn
Kanokudom, Sitthichai
Duangchinda, Thaneeya
Chantima, Warangkana
Pakchotanon, Pattarakul
Assawakosri, Suvichada
Nilyanimit, Pornjarim
Klinfueng, Sirapa
Wongsrisang, Lakkhana
Srimuan, Donchida
Thatsanatorn, Thaksaporn
Sudhinaraset, Natthinee
Wanlapakorn, Nasamon
Poovorawan, Yong
COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
title COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
title_full COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
title_fullStr COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
title_short COVID-19 Breakthrough Infection after Inactivated Vaccine Induced Robust Antibody Responses and Cross-Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Variants, but Less Immunity against Omicron
title_sort covid-19 breakthrough infection after inactivated vaccine induced robust antibody responses and cross-neutralization of sars-cov-2 variants, but less immunity against omicron
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8949546/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10030391
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