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The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes
Viruses are the most common and abundant organisms in the marine environment. To better understand how cetaceans have adapted to this virus-rich environment, we compared cetacean virus-responsive genes to those from terrestrial mammals. We identified virus-responsive gene sequences in seven species...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8949644/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334059 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10528-022-10221-8 |
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author | Chung, Oksung Jung, Ye-Eun Lee, Kyeong Won An, Young Jun Kim, Jungeun Roh, Yoo-Rim Bhak, Jong Park, Kiejung Weber, Jessica A. Cheong, Jaehun Cha, Sun-Shin Lee, Jung-Hyun Yim, Hyung-Soon |
author_facet | Chung, Oksung Jung, Ye-Eun Lee, Kyeong Won An, Young Jun Kim, Jungeun Roh, Yoo-Rim Bhak, Jong Park, Kiejung Weber, Jessica A. Cheong, Jaehun Cha, Sun-Shin Lee, Jung-Hyun Yim, Hyung-Soon |
author_sort | Chung, Oksung |
collection | PubMed |
description | Viruses are the most common and abundant organisms in the marine environment. To better understand how cetaceans have adapted to this virus-rich environment, we compared cetacean virus-responsive genes to those from terrestrial mammals. We identified virus-responsive gene sequences in seven species of cetaceans, which we compared with orthologous sequences in seven terrestrial mammals. As a result of evolution analysis using the branch model and the branch-site model, 21 genes were selected using at least one model. IFN-ε, an antiviral cytokine expressed at mucous membranes, and its receptor IFNAR1 contain cetacean-specific amino acid substitutions that might change the interaction between the two proteins and lead to regulation of the immune system against viruses. Cetacean-specific amino acid substitutions in IL-6, IL-27, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 are also predicted to alter the mucosal immune response of cetaceans. Since mucosal membranes are the first line of defense against the external environment and are involved in immune tolerance, our analysis of cetacean virus-responsive genes suggests that genes with cetacean-specific mutations in mucosal immunity-related genes play an important role in the protection and/or regulation of immune responses against viruses. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10528-022-10221-8. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8949644 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89496442022-03-25 The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes Chung, Oksung Jung, Ye-Eun Lee, Kyeong Won An, Young Jun Kim, Jungeun Roh, Yoo-Rim Bhak, Jong Park, Kiejung Weber, Jessica A. Cheong, Jaehun Cha, Sun-Shin Lee, Jung-Hyun Yim, Hyung-Soon Biochem Genet Original Article Viruses are the most common and abundant organisms in the marine environment. To better understand how cetaceans have adapted to this virus-rich environment, we compared cetacean virus-responsive genes to those from terrestrial mammals. We identified virus-responsive gene sequences in seven species of cetaceans, which we compared with orthologous sequences in seven terrestrial mammals. As a result of evolution analysis using the branch model and the branch-site model, 21 genes were selected using at least one model. IFN-ε, an antiviral cytokine expressed at mucous membranes, and its receptor IFNAR1 contain cetacean-specific amino acid substitutions that might change the interaction between the two proteins and lead to regulation of the immune system against viruses. Cetacean-specific amino acid substitutions in IL-6, IL-27, and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 are also predicted to alter the mucosal immune response of cetaceans. Since mucosal membranes are the first line of defense against the external environment and are involved in immune tolerance, our analysis of cetacean virus-responsive genes suggests that genes with cetacean-specific mutations in mucosal immunity-related genes play an important role in the protection and/or regulation of immune responses against viruses. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10528-022-10221-8. Springer US 2022-03-25 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8949644/ /pubmed/35334059 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10528-022-10221-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Chung, Oksung Jung, Ye-Eun Lee, Kyeong Won An, Young Jun Kim, Jungeun Roh, Yoo-Rim Bhak, Jong Park, Kiejung Weber, Jessica A. Cheong, Jaehun Cha, Sun-Shin Lee, Jung-Hyun Yim, Hyung-Soon The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes |
title | The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes |
title_full | The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes |
title_fullStr | The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes |
title_full_unstemmed | The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes |
title_short | The Analyses of Cetacean Virus-Responsive Genes Reveal Evolutionary Marks in Mucosal Immunity-Associated Genes |
title_sort | analyses of cetacean virus-responsive genes reveal evolutionary marks in mucosal immunity-associated genes |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8949644/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334059 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10528-022-10221-8 |
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