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Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow

To understand how SARS-CoV-2 spreads indoors, in this study bovine coronavirus was aerosolized as simulant into a plexiglass chamber with coupons of metal, wood and plastic surfaces. After aerosolization, chamber and coupon surfaces were swiped to quantify the virus concentrations using quantitative...

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Autores principales: Baig, Tatiana A., Zhang, Meiyi, Smith, Brooke L., King, Maria D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950092/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35337023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030616
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author Baig, Tatiana A.
Zhang, Meiyi
Smith, Brooke L.
King, Maria D.
author_facet Baig, Tatiana A.
Zhang, Meiyi
Smith, Brooke L.
King, Maria D.
author_sort Baig, Tatiana A.
collection PubMed
description To understand how SARS-CoV-2 spreads indoors, in this study bovine coronavirus was aerosolized as simulant into a plexiglass chamber with coupons of metal, wood and plastic surfaces. After aerosolization, chamber and coupon surfaces were swiped to quantify the virus concentrations using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Bio-layer interferometry showed stronger virus association on plastic and metal surfaces, however, higher dissociation from wood in 80% relative humidity. Virus aerosols were collected with the 100 L/min wetted wall cyclone and the 50 L/min MD8 air sampler and quantitated by qPCR. To monitor the effect of the ventilation on the virus movement, PRD1 bacteriophages as virus simulants were disseminated in a ¾ scale air-conditioned hospital test room with twelve PM2.5 samplers at 15 L/min. Higher virus concentrations were detected above the patient’s head and near the foot of the bed with the air inlet on the ceiling above, exhaust bottom left on the wall. Based on room layout, air measurements and bioaerosol collections computational flow models were created to visualize the movement of the virus in the room airflow. The addition of air curtain at the door minimized virus concentration while having the inlet and exhaust on the ceiling decreased overall aerosol concentration. Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted in a plexiglass chamber to gain more insight into the fundamental behavior of aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 and understand its fate and transport in the ambient environment of the hospital room.
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spelling pubmed-89500922022-03-26 Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow Baig, Tatiana A. Zhang, Meiyi Smith, Brooke L. King, Maria D. Viruses Article To understand how SARS-CoV-2 spreads indoors, in this study bovine coronavirus was aerosolized as simulant into a plexiglass chamber with coupons of metal, wood and plastic surfaces. After aerosolization, chamber and coupon surfaces were swiped to quantify the virus concentrations using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Bio-layer interferometry showed stronger virus association on plastic and metal surfaces, however, higher dissociation from wood in 80% relative humidity. Virus aerosols were collected with the 100 L/min wetted wall cyclone and the 50 L/min MD8 air sampler and quantitated by qPCR. To monitor the effect of the ventilation on the virus movement, PRD1 bacteriophages as virus simulants were disseminated in a ¾ scale air-conditioned hospital test room with twelve PM2.5 samplers at 15 L/min. Higher virus concentrations were detected above the patient’s head and near the foot of the bed with the air inlet on the ceiling above, exhaust bottom left on the wall. Based on room layout, air measurements and bioaerosol collections computational flow models were created to visualize the movement of the virus in the room airflow. The addition of air curtain at the door minimized virus concentration while having the inlet and exhaust on the ceiling decreased overall aerosol concentration. Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted in a plexiglass chamber to gain more insight into the fundamental behavior of aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 and understand its fate and transport in the ambient environment of the hospital room. MDPI 2022-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8950092/ /pubmed/35337023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030616 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Baig, Tatiana A.
Zhang, Meiyi
Smith, Brooke L.
King, Maria D.
Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow
title Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow
title_full Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow
title_fullStr Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow
title_full_unstemmed Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow
title_short Environmental Effects on Viable Virus Transport and Resuspension in Ventilation Airflow
title_sort environmental effects on viable virus transport and resuspension in ventilation airflow
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950092/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35337023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030616
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