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Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles
The blood brain barrier (BBB) maintains the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) and protects the brain from toxic substances present in the circulating blood. However, the impermeability of the BBB to drugs is a hurdle for CNS drug development, which hinders the distribution of the most...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950604/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35337155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15030358 |
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author | Zhou, Lina Kodidela, Sunitha Godse, Sandip Thomas-Gooch, Stacey Kumar, Asit Raji, Babatunde Zhi, Kaining Kochat, Harry Kumar, Santosh |
author_facet | Zhou, Lina Kodidela, Sunitha Godse, Sandip Thomas-Gooch, Stacey Kumar, Asit Raji, Babatunde Zhi, Kaining Kochat, Harry Kumar, Santosh |
author_sort | Zhou, Lina |
collection | PubMed |
description | The blood brain barrier (BBB) maintains the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) and protects the brain from toxic substances present in the circulating blood. However, the impermeability of the BBB to drugs is a hurdle for CNS drug development, which hinders the distribution of the most therapeutic molecules into the brain. Therefore, scientists have been striving to develop safe and effective technologies to advance drug penetration into the CNS with higher targeting properties and lower off-targeting side effects. This review will discuss the limitation of artificial nanomedicine in CNS drug delivery and the use of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs), as therapeutic vehicles to achieve targeted delivery to the CNS. Information on clinical trials regarding CNS targeted drug delivery using EVs is very limited. Thus, this review will also briefly highlight the recent clinical studies on targeted drug delivery in the peripheral nervous system to shed light on potential strategies for CNS drug delivery. Different technologies engaged in pre- and post-isolation have been implemented to further utilize and optimize the natural property of EVs. EVs from various sources have also been applied in the engineering of EVs for CNS targeted drug delivery in vitro and in vivo. Here, the future feasibility of those studies in clinic will be discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8950604 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89506042022-03-26 Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles Zhou, Lina Kodidela, Sunitha Godse, Sandip Thomas-Gooch, Stacey Kumar, Asit Raji, Babatunde Zhi, Kaining Kochat, Harry Kumar, Santosh Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Review The blood brain barrier (BBB) maintains the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) and protects the brain from toxic substances present in the circulating blood. However, the impermeability of the BBB to drugs is a hurdle for CNS drug development, which hinders the distribution of the most therapeutic molecules into the brain. Therefore, scientists have been striving to develop safe and effective technologies to advance drug penetration into the CNS with higher targeting properties and lower off-targeting side effects. This review will discuss the limitation of artificial nanomedicine in CNS drug delivery and the use of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs), as therapeutic vehicles to achieve targeted delivery to the CNS. Information on clinical trials regarding CNS targeted drug delivery using EVs is very limited. Thus, this review will also briefly highlight the recent clinical studies on targeted drug delivery in the peripheral nervous system to shed light on potential strategies for CNS drug delivery. Different technologies engaged in pre- and post-isolation have been implemented to further utilize and optimize the natural property of EVs. EVs from various sources have also been applied in the engineering of EVs for CNS targeted drug delivery in vitro and in vivo. Here, the future feasibility of those studies in clinic will be discussed. MDPI 2022-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8950604/ /pubmed/35337155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15030358 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Zhou, Lina Kodidela, Sunitha Godse, Sandip Thomas-Gooch, Stacey Kumar, Asit Raji, Babatunde Zhi, Kaining Kochat, Harry Kumar, Santosh Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
title | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
title_full | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
title_fullStr | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
title_full_unstemmed | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
title_short | Targeted Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System Using Extracellular Vesicles |
title_sort | targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system using extracellular vesicles |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950604/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35337155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph15030358 |
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