Cargando…

The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems

Weeds are among the major issues responsible for reduction in yield and profit in any crop production system. Herbicides are the easiest and quickest solution of weeds; however, their frequent use exert negative consequences on environment, human health, and results in the evolution of herbicide-res...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Naeem, Muhammad, Farooq, Shahid, Hussain, Mubshar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950799/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336601
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060718
_version_ 1784675229715398656
author Naeem, Muhammad
Farooq, Shahid
Hussain, Mubshar
author_facet Naeem, Muhammad
Farooq, Shahid
Hussain, Mubshar
author_sort Naeem, Muhammad
collection PubMed
description Weeds are among the major issues responsible for reduction in yield and profit in any crop production system. Herbicides are the easiest and quickest solution of weeds; however, their frequent use exert negative consequences on environment, human health, and results in the evolution of herbicide-resistant weed species. Due to these reasons, alternative weed management methods that are less harmful to environment and human health are needed. This two-year study evaluated the impact of different weed management options, i.e., false seedbed (FS), allelopathic water extracts (AWE), chemical control (CC), weed-free (WF) weedy-check (WC) on weed spectrum in various barley-based cropping systems, i.e., fallow-barley (FB), maize-barley (MB), cotton-barley (CB), mungbean-barley (M*B), and sorghum-barley (SB). Data relating to density, diversity, and biomass production of weed species prevailing in the studied cropping systems were recorded. Interactive effect of weed management methods and barley-based cropping systems significantly altered weed diversity, and densities of individual, broadleaved, and grassy weeds. A total 13 weed species (ten broadleaved and three grass) were recorded during both years of study. The highest dry biomass, diversity, and density of individual, broadleaved, and grassy weeds were noted in WC treatment, whereas WF treatment resulted in the lowest values of these traits. Chemical control resulted in the highest suppression of weed flora and improved dry biomass production of barley followed by AWE. The SB cropping system with CC or AWE resulted in the least weed flora. The M*B cropping system with CC or AWE produced the highest dry biomass of barley. It is concluded that including sorghum crop in rotation and applying AWE could suppress weeds comparable to herbicides. Similarly, including mungbean in rotation and applying AWE could increase dry biomass production of barley. In conclusion, herbicides can be replaced with an eco-friendly approach, i.e., allelopathy and inclusion of sorghum crop could be helpful in suppressing weed flora.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8950799
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-89507992022-03-26 The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems Naeem, Muhammad Farooq, Shahid Hussain, Mubshar Plants (Basel) Article Weeds are among the major issues responsible for reduction in yield and profit in any crop production system. Herbicides are the easiest and quickest solution of weeds; however, their frequent use exert negative consequences on environment, human health, and results in the evolution of herbicide-resistant weed species. Due to these reasons, alternative weed management methods that are less harmful to environment and human health are needed. This two-year study evaluated the impact of different weed management options, i.e., false seedbed (FS), allelopathic water extracts (AWE), chemical control (CC), weed-free (WF) weedy-check (WC) on weed spectrum in various barley-based cropping systems, i.e., fallow-barley (FB), maize-barley (MB), cotton-barley (CB), mungbean-barley (M*B), and sorghum-barley (SB). Data relating to density, diversity, and biomass production of weed species prevailing in the studied cropping systems were recorded. Interactive effect of weed management methods and barley-based cropping systems significantly altered weed diversity, and densities of individual, broadleaved, and grassy weeds. A total 13 weed species (ten broadleaved and three grass) were recorded during both years of study. The highest dry biomass, diversity, and density of individual, broadleaved, and grassy weeds were noted in WC treatment, whereas WF treatment resulted in the lowest values of these traits. Chemical control resulted in the highest suppression of weed flora and improved dry biomass production of barley followed by AWE. The SB cropping system with CC or AWE resulted in the least weed flora. The M*B cropping system with CC or AWE produced the highest dry biomass of barley. It is concluded that including sorghum crop in rotation and applying AWE could suppress weeds comparable to herbicides. Similarly, including mungbean in rotation and applying AWE could increase dry biomass production of barley. In conclusion, herbicides can be replaced with an eco-friendly approach, i.e., allelopathy and inclusion of sorghum crop could be helpful in suppressing weed flora. MDPI 2022-03-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8950799/ /pubmed/35336601 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060718 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Naeem, Muhammad
Farooq, Shahid
Hussain, Mubshar
The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems
title The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems
title_full The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems
title_fullStr The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems
title_full_unstemmed The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems
title_short The Impact of Different Weed Management Systems on Weed Flora and Dry Biomass Production of Barley Grown under Various Barley-Based Cropping Systems
title_sort impact of different weed management systems on weed flora and dry biomass production of barley grown under various barley-based cropping systems
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950799/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336601
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060718
work_keys_str_mv AT naeemmuhammad theimpactofdifferentweedmanagementsystemsonweedfloraanddrybiomassproductionofbarleygrownundervariousbarleybasedcroppingsystems
AT farooqshahid theimpactofdifferentweedmanagementsystemsonweedfloraanddrybiomassproductionofbarleygrownundervariousbarleybasedcroppingsystems
AT hussainmubshar theimpactofdifferentweedmanagementsystemsonweedfloraanddrybiomassproductionofbarleygrownundervariousbarleybasedcroppingsystems
AT naeemmuhammad impactofdifferentweedmanagementsystemsonweedfloraanddrybiomassproductionofbarleygrownundervariousbarleybasedcroppingsystems
AT farooqshahid impactofdifferentweedmanagementsystemsonweedfloraanddrybiomassproductionofbarleygrownundervariousbarleybasedcroppingsystems
AT hussainmubshar impactofdifferentweedmanagementsystemsonweedfloraanddrybiomassproductionofbarleygrownundervariousbarleybasedcroppingsystems