Cargando…
Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism
Vitamin A is an essential nutrient required throughout life. Through its various metabolites, vitamin A sustains fetal development, immunity, vision, and the maintenance, regulation, and repair of adult tissues. Abnormal tissue levels of the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, can result in detrime...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950952/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334970 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061312 |
_version_ | 1784675266826600448 |
---|---|
author | O’Connor, Catherine Varshosaz, Parisa Moise, Alexander R. |
author_facet | O’Connor, Catherine Varshosaz, Parisa Moise, Alexander R. |
author_sort | O’Connor, Catherine |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vitamin A is an essential nutrient required throughout life. Through its various metabolites, vitamin A sustains fetal development, immunity, vision, and the maintenance, regulation, and repair of adult tissues. Abnormal tissue levels of the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, can result in detrimental effects which can include congenital defects, immune deficiencies, proliferative defects, and toxicity. For this reason, intricate feedback mechanisms have evolved to allow tissues to generate appropriate levels of active retinoid metabolites despite variations in the level and format, or in the absorption and conversion efficiency of dietary vitamin A precursors. Here, we review basic mechanisms that govern vitamin A signaling and metabolism, and we focus on retinoic acid-controlled feedback mechanisms that contribute to vitamin A homeostasis. Several approaches to investigate mechanistic details of the vitamin A homeostatic regulation using genomic, gene editing, and chromatin capture technologies are also discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8950952 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89509522022-03-26 Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism O’Connor, Catherine Varshosaz, Parisa Moise, Alexander R. Nutrients Review Vitamin A is an essential nutrient required throughout life. Through its various metabolites, vitamin A sustains fetal development, immunity, vision, and the maintenance, regulation, and repair of adult tissues. Abnormal tissue levels of the vitamin A metabolite, retinoic acid, can result in detrimental effects which can include congenital defects, immune deficiencies, proliferative defects, and toxicity. For this reason, intricate feedback mechanisms have evolved to allow tissues to generate appropriate levels of active retinoid metabolites despite variations in the level and format, or in the absorption and conversion efficiency of dietary vitamin A precursors. Here, we review basic mechanisms that govern vitamin A signaling and metabolism, and we focus on retinoic acid-controlled feedback mechanisms that contribute to vitamin A homeostasis. Several approaches to investigate mechanistic details of the vitamin A homeostatic regulation using genomic, gene editing, and chromatin capture technologies are also discussed. MDPI 2022-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8950952/ /pubmed/35334970 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061312 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review O’Connor, Catherine Varshosaz, Parisa Moise, Alexander R. Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism |
title | Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism |
title_full | Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism |
title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism |
title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism |
title_short | Mechanisms of Feedback Regulation of Vitamin A Metabolism |
title_sort | mechanisms of feedback regulation of vitamin a metabolism |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8950952/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334970 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061312 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT oconnorcatherine mechanismsoffeedbackregulationofvitaminametabolism AT varshosazparisa mechanismsoffeedbackregulationofvitaminametabolism AT moisealexanderr mechanismsoffeedbackregulationofvitaminametabolism |