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Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol
Classically, a secosteroid hormone, vitamin D, has been implicated in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and has been associated with the pathogenesis of rickets and osteomalacia in patients with severe nutritional vitamin D deficiency. The spectrum of known vitamin D-mediated effects has been expand...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951353/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061291 |
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author | Donati, Simone Palmini, Gaia Aurilia, Cinzia Falsetti, Irene Miglietta, Francesca Iantomasi, Teresa Brandi, Maria Luisa |
author_facet | Donati, Simone Palmini, Gaia Aurilia, Cinzia Falsetti, Irene Miglietta, Francesca Iantomasi, Teresa Brandi, Maria Luisa |
author_sort | Donati, Simone |
collection | PubMed |
description | Classically, a secosteroid hormone, vitamin D, has been implicated in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and has been associated with the pathogenesis of rickets and osteomalacia in patients with severe nutritional vitamin D deficiency. The spectrum of known vitamin D-mediated effects has been expanded in recent years. However, the mechanisms of how exactly this hormone elicits its biological function are still not fully understood. The interaction of this metabolite with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and, subsequently, with the vitamin D-responsive element in the region of specific target genes leading to the transcription of genes whose protein products are involved in the traditional function of calcitriol (known as genomic actions). Moreover, in addition to these transcription-dependent mechanisms, it has been recognized that the biologically active form of vitamin D(3), as well as its immediate precursor metabolite, calcifediol, initiate rapid, non-genomic actions through the membrane receptors that are bound as described for other steroid hormones. So far, among the best candidates responsible for mediating rapid membrane response to vitamin D metabolites are membrane-associated VDR (VDRm) and protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 (Pdia3). The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the rapid, non-genomic effects of calcifediol and calcitriol, whose elucidation could improve the understanding of the vitamin D(3) endocrine system. This will contribute to a better recognition of the physiological acute functions of vitamin D(3), and it could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets able to modulate these actions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8951353 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89513532022-03-26 Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol Donati, Simone Palmini, Gaia Aurilia, Cinzia Falsetti, Irene Miglietta, Francesca Iantomasi, Teresa Brandi, Maria Luisa Nutrients Systematic Review Classically, a secosteroid hormone, vitamin D, has been implicated in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and has been associated with the pathogenesis of rickets and osteomalacia in patients with severe nutritional vitamin D deficiency. The spectrum of known vitamin D-mediated effects has been expanded in recent years. However, the mechanisms of how exactly this hormone elicits its biological function are still not fully understood. The interaction of this metabolite with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and, subsequently, with the vitamin D-responsive element in the region of specific target genes leading to the transcription of genes whose protein products are involved in the traditional function of calcitriol (known as genomic actions). Moreover, in addition to these transcription-dependent mechanisms, it has been recognized that the biologically active form of vitamin D(3), as well as its immediate precursor metabolite, calcifediol, initiate rapid, non-genomic actions through the membrane receptors that are bound as described for other steroid hormones. So far, among the best candidates responsible for mediating rapid membrane response to vitamin D metabolites are membrane-associated VDR (VDRm) and protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 (Pdia3). The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the rapid, non-genomic effects of calcifediol and calcitriol, whose elucidation could improve the understanding of the vitamin D(3) endocrine system. This will contribute to a better recognition of the physiological acute functions of vitamin D(3), and it could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets able to modulate these actions. MDPI 2022-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8951353/ /pubmed/35334948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061291 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Systematic Review Donati, Simone Palmini, Gaia Aurilia, Cinzia Falsetti, Irene Miglietta, Francesca Iantomasi, Teresa Brandi, Maria Luisa Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol |
title | Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol |
title_full | Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol |
title_fullStr | Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol |
title_full_unstemmed | Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol |
title_short | Rapid Nontranscriptional Effects of Calcifediol and Calcitriol |
title_sort | rapid nontranscriptional effects of calcifediol and calcitriol |
topic | Systematic Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951353/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35334948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14061291 |
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