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Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy

The kinetics of hexogen coating with polyurethane-based hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) using infrared spectrometry was investigated. The kinetics model was evaluated through reaction steps: (1) hydroxyl and isocyanate to produce urethane, (2) urethane and isocyanate to produce allophanate,...

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Autores principales: Wibowo, Heri Budi, Sitompul, Hamonangan Rekso Diputro, Budi, Rika Suwana, Hartaya, Kendra, Abdillah, Luthfia Hajar, Ardianingsih, Retno, Wibowo, Ratih Sanggra Murti
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951428/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335513
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061184
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author Wibowo, Heri Budi
Sitompul, Hamonangan Rekso Diputro
Budi, Rika Suwana
Hartaya, Kendra
Abdillah, Luthfia Hajar
Ardianingsih, Retno
Wibowo, Ratih Sanggra Murti
author_facet Wibowo, Heri Budi
Sitompul, Hamonangan Rekso Diputro
Budi, Rika Suwana
Hartaya, Kendra
Abdillah, Luthfia Hajar
Ardianingsih, Retno
Wibowo, Ratih Sanggra Murti
author_sort Wibowo, Heri Budi
collection PubMed
description The kinetics of hexogen coating with polyurethane-based hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) using infrared spectrometry was investigated. The kinetics model was evaluated through reaction steps: (1) hydroxyl and isocyanate to produce urethane, (2) urethane and isocyanate to produce allophanate, and (3) nitro and isocyanate to produce diazene oxide and carbon dioxide. HTPB, ethyl acetate, TDI (toluene diisocyanate), and hexogen were mixed for 60 min at 40 °C. The sample was withdrawn and analyzed with infrared spectroscopy every ten minutes at reference wavelengths of 2270 (the specific absorption for isocyanate groups) and 1768 cm(−1) (the specific absorption for N=N groups). The solvent was vaporized; then, the coated hexogen was cured in the oven for 7 days at 60 °C. The effect of temperature on the coating kinetics was studied by adjusting the reaction temperature at 40, 50, and 60 °C. This procedure was repeated with IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate) as a curing agent. The reaction rate constant, k(3), was calculated from an independent graphic based on increasing diazene oxide concentration every ten minutes. The reaction rate constants, k(1) and k(2), were numerically calculated using the Newton–Raphson and Runge–Kutta methods based on decreasing isocyanate concentrations. The activation energy of those steps was 1178, 1021, and 912 kJ mole(−1). The reaction rate of hexogen coating with IPDI was slightly faster than with TDI.
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spelling pubmed-89514282022-03-26 Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy Wibowo, Heri Budi Sitompul, Hamonangan Rekso Diputro Budi, Rika Suwana Hartaya, Kendra Abdillah, Luthfia Hajar Ardianingsih, Retno Wibowo, Ratih Sanggra Murti Polymers (Basel) Article The kinetics of hexogen coating with polyurethane-based hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) using infrared spectrometry was investigated. The kinetics model was evaluated through reaction steps: (1) hydroxyl and isocyanate to produce urethane, (2) urethane and isocyanate to produce allophanate, and (3) nitro and isocyanate to produce diazene oxide and carbon dioxide. HTPB, ethyl acetate, TDI (toluene diisocyanate), and hexogen were mixed for 60 min at 40 °C. The sample was withdrawn and analyzed with infrared spectroscopy every ten minutes at reference wavelengths of 2270 (the specific absorption for isocyanate groups) and 1768 cm(−1) (the specific absorption for N=N groups). The solvent was vaporized; then, the coated hexogen was cured in the oven for 7 days at 60 °C. The effect of temperature on the coating kinetics was studied by adjusting the reaction temperature at 40, 50, and 60 °C. This procedure was repeated with IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate) as a curing agent. The reaction rate constant, k(3), was calculated from an independent graphic based on increasing diazene oxide concentration every ten minutes. The reaction rate constants, k(1) and k(2), were numerically calculated using the Newton–Raphson and Runge–Kutta methods based on decreasing isocyanate concentrations. The activation energy of those steps was 1178, 1021, and 912 kJ mole(−1). The reaction rate of hexogen coating with IPDI was slightly faster than with TDI. MDPI 2022-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8951428/ /pubmed/35335513 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061184 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wibowo, Heri Budi
Sitompul, Hamonangan Rekso Diputro
Budi, Rika Suwana
Hartaya, Kendra
Abdillah, Luthfia Hajar
Ardianingsih, Retno
Wibowo, Ratih Sanggra Murti
Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy
title Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy
title_full Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy
title_fullStr Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy
title_short Hexogen Coating Kinetics with Polyurethane-Based Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) Using Infrared Spectroscopy
title_sort hexogen coating kinetics with polyurethane-based hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (htpb) using infrared spectroscopy
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951428/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35335513
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061184
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