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Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses

Strong nonlinear absorption (NLA), reduced optical limiting (OL) thresholds, and high radiation shielding parameters are required for the effective use of glasses in the laser radiation and nuclear radiation protecting materials. In view of this, the efficacy of Sm(2)O(3) on the nonlinear optical (N...

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Autores principales: Almuqrin, Aljawhara H., Gangareddy, Jagannath, Hivrekar, Mahesh M., Pramod, A. G., Sayyed, M. I., Keshavamurthy, K., Fatima, Naseem, Jadhav, K. M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35329784
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062330
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author Almuqrin, Aljawhara H.
Gangareddy, Jagannath
Hivrekar, Mahesh M.
Pramod, A. G.
Sayyed, M. I.
Keshavamurthy, K.
Fatima, Naseem
Jadhav, K. M.
author_facet Almuqrin, Aljawhara H.
Gangareddy, Jagannath
Hivrekar, Mahesh M.
Pramod, A. G.
Sayyed, M. I.
Keshavamurthy, K.
Fatima, Naseem
Jadhav, K. M.
author_sort Almuqrin, Aljawhara H.
collection PubMed
description Strong nonlinear absorption (NLA), reduced optical limiting (OL) thresholds, and high radiation shielding parameters are required for the effective use of glasses in the laser radiation and nuclear radiation protecting materials. In view of this, the efficacy of Sm(2)O(3) on the nonlinear optical (NLO) and OL properties were ascertained (at 532 nm) along with radiation shielding characteristics. The open and closed aperture Z-scan profiles revealed the presence of positive NLA and nonlinear refraction (NLR) phenomena respectively. OL measurements showed the existence of limiting behavior in the studied glasses. The NLA and NLR coefficients were improved while the OL thresholds were decreased as the doping of Sm(2)O(3) elevated to a higher doping level. These improvements in NLA, NLR coefficients and OL efficiencies were attributed to the non-bridging oxygens and high polarizable Sm(3+) ions. The NLA and OL results clearly suggest the high (5 mol %) Sm(2)O(3) doped glass (Sm5CNLB) glass is beneficial to protect the delicate devices and human eye by suppressing the high energy laser light. The theoretical linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) values of the presented SmxCNLB glasses were obtained with the help of Phy-X software between 0.284 and 1.333 MeV. At 0.284 MeV, the maximum values occur and take values between 0.302 (for Sm0CNLB) and 0.409 cm(−1) (for Sm5CNLB). We found that the LAC for the presented SmxCNLB glasses is a function of Sm(2)O(3) content, where the LAC tends to increase, corresponding to the high probabilities of interaction, as the content of Sm(2)O(3) changes from 0 to 5 mol %. The effective atomic number (Z(eff)) for the presented SmxCNLB glasses was examined between 0.284 and 1.333 MeV. As the amount of Sm(2)O(3) is added, the Z(eff) increases, and this was observed at any energy.
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spelling pubmed-89518732022-03-26 Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses Almuqrin, Aljawhara H. Gangareddy, Jagannath Hivrekar, Mahesh M. Pramod, A. G. Sayyed, M. I. Keshavamurthy, K. Fatima, Naseem Jadhav, K. M. Materials (Basel) Article Strong nonlinear absorption (NLA), reduced optical limiting (OL) thresholds, and high radiation shielding parameters are required for the effective use of glasses in the laser radiation and nuclear radiation protecting materials. In view of this, the efficacy of Sm(2)O(3) on the nonlinear optical (NLO) and OL properties were ascertained (at 532 nm) along with radiation shielding characteristics. The open and closed aperture Z-scan profiles revealed the presence of positive NLA and nonlinear refraction (NLR) phenomena respectively. OL measurements showed the existence of limiting behavior in the studied glasses. The NLA and NLR coefficients were improved while the OL thresholds were decreased as the doping of Sm(2)O(3) elevated to a higher doping level. These improvements in NLA, NLR coefficients and OL efficiencies were attributed to the non-bridging oxygens and high polarizable Sm(3+) ions. The NLA and OL results clearly suggest the high (5 mol %) Sm(2)O(3) doped glass (Sm5CNLB) glass is beneficial to protect the delicate devices and human eye by suppressing the high energy laser light. The theoretical linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) values of the presented SmxCNLB glasses were obtained with the help of Phy-X software between 0.284 and 1.333 MeV. At 0.284 MeV, the maximum values occur and take values between 0.302 (for Sm0CNLB) and 0.409 cm(−1) (for Sm5CNLB). We found that the LAC for the presented SmxCNLB glasses is a function of Sm(2)O(3) content, where the LAC tends to increase, corresponding to the high probabilities of interaction, as the content of Sm(2)O(3) changes from 0 to 5 mol %. The effective atomic number (Z(eff)) for the presented SmxCNLB glasses was examined between 0.284 and 1.333 MeV. As the amount of Sm(2)O(3) is added, the Z(eff) increases, and this was observed at any energy. MDPI 2022-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8951873/ /pubmed/35329784 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062330 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Almuqrin, Aljawhara H.
Gangareddy, Jagannath
Hivrekar, Mahesh M.
Pramod, A. G.
Sayyed, M. I.
Keshavamurthy, K.
Fatima, Naseem
Jadhav, K. M.
Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses
title Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses
title_full Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses
title_fullStr Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses
title_full_unstemmed Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses
title_short Nonlinear Optical Limiting and Radiation Shielding Characteristics of Sm(2)O(3) Doped Cadmium Sodium Lithium Borate Glasses
title_sort nonlinear optical limiting and radiation shielding characteristics of sm(2)o(3) doped cadmium sodium lithium borate glasses
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951873/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35329784
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062330
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