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West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020)
West Nile virus lineage 2 (WNV-L2) emerged in Europe in 2004; since then, it has spread across the continent, causing outbreaks in humans and animals. During 2017 and 2020, WNV-L2 was detected and isolated from four northern goshawks in two provinces of Catalonia (north-eastern Spain). In order to c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336976 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030569 |
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author | Aguilera-Sepúlveda, Pilar Napp, Sebastián Llorente, Francisco Solano-Manrique, Carlos Molina-López, Rafael Obón, Elena Solé, Alba Jiménez-Clavero, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Pinero, Jovita Busquets, Núria |
author_facet | Aguilera-Sepúlveda, Pilar Napp, Sebastián Llorente, Francisco Solano-Manrique, Carlos Molina-López, Rafael Obón, Elena Solé, Alba Jiménez-Clavero, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Pinero, Jovita Busquets, Núria |
author_sort | Aguilera-Sepúlveda, Pilar |
collection | PubMed |
description | West Nile virus lineage 2 (WNV-L2) emerged in Europe in 2004; since then, it has spread across the continent, causing outbreaks in humans and animals. During 2017 and 2020, WNV-L2 was detected and isolated from four northern goshawks in two provinces of Catalonia (north-eastern Spain). In order to characterise the first Spanish WNV-L2 isolates and elucidate the potential overwintering of the virus in this Mediterranean region, complete genome sequencing, phylogenetic analyses, and a study of phenotypic characterisation were performed. Our results showed that these Spanish isolates belonged to the central-southern WNV-L2 clade. In more detail, they were related to the Lombardy cluster that emerged in Italy in 2013 and has been able to spread westwards, causing outbreaks in France (2018) and Spain (2017 and 2020). Phenotypic characterisation performed in vitro showed that these isolates presented characteristics corresponding to strains of moderate to high virulence. All these findings evidence that these WNV-L2 strains have been able to circulate and overwinter in the region, and are pathogenic, at least in northern goshawks, which seem to be very susceptible to WNV infection and may be good indicators of WNV-L2 circulation. Due to the increasing number of human and animal cases in Europe in the last years, this zoonotic flavivirus should be kept under extensive surveillance, following a One-Health approach. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8951896 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-89518962022-03-26 West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020) Aguilera-Sepúlveda, Pilar Napp, Sebastián Llorente, Francisco Solano-Manrique, Carlos Molina-López, Rafael Obón, Elena Solé, Alba Jiménez-Clavero, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Pinero, Jovita Busquets, Núria Viruses Article West Nile virus lineage 2 (WNV-L2) emerged in Europe in 2004; since then, it has spread across the continent, causing outbreaks in humans and animals. During 2017 and 2020, WNV-L2 was detected and isolated from four northern goshawks in two provinces of Catalonia (north-eastern Spain). In order to characterise the first Spanish WNV-L2 isolates and elucidate the potential overwintering of the virus in this Mediterranean region, complete genome sequencing, phylogenetic analyses, and a study of phenotypic characterisation were performed. Our results showed that these Spanish isolates belonged to the central-southern WNV-L2 clade. In more detail, they were related to the Lombardy cluster that emerged in Italy in 2013 and has been able to spread westwards, causing outbreaks in France (2018) and Spain (2017 and 2020). Phenotypic characterisation performed in vitro showed that these isolates presented characteristics corresponding to strains of moderate to high virulence. All these findings evidence that these WNV-L2 strains have been able to circulate and overwinter in the region, and are pathogenic, at least in northern goshawks, which seem to be very susceptible to WNV infection and may be good indicators of WNV-L2 circulation. Due to the increasing number of human and animal cases in Europe in the last years, this zoonotic flavivirus should be kept under extensive surveillance, following a One-Health approach. MDPI 2022-03-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8951896/ /pubmed/35336976 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030569 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Aguilera-Sepúlveda, Pilar Napp, Sebastián Llorente, Francisco Solano-Manrique, Carlos Molina-López, Rafael Obón, Elena Solé, Alba Jiménez-Clavero, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Pinero, Jovita Busquets, Núria West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020) |
title | West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020) |
title_full | West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020) |
title_fullStr | West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020) |
title_full_unstemmed | West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020) |
title_short | West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Spreads Westwards in Europe and Overwinters in North-Eastern Spain (2017–2020) |
title_sort | west nile virus lineage 2 spreads westwards in europe and overwinters in north-eastern spain (2017–2020) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951896/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336976 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14030569 |
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