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Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View

Cytogenetics constitutes a branch of genetics that is focused on the cellular components, especially chromosomes, in relation to heredity and genome structure, function and evolution. The use of modern cytogenetic approaches and the latest microscopes with image acquisition and processing systems en...

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Autores principales: Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia, Senderowicz, Magdalena, Trunova, Dana, Kolano, Bozena
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8953110/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336666
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060784
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author Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia
Senderowicz, Magdalena
Trunova, Dana
Kolano, Bozena
author_facet Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia
Senderowicz, Magdalena
Trunova, Dana
Kolano, Bozena
author_sort Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia
collection PubMed
description Cytogenetics constitutes a branch of genetics that is focused on the cellular components, especially chromosomes, in relation to heredity and genome structure, function and evolution. The use of modern cytogenetic approaches and the latest microscopes with image acquisition and processing systems enables the simultaneous two- or three-dimensional, multicolour visualisation of both single-copy and highly-repetitive sequences in the plant genome. The data that is gathered using the cytogenetic methods in the phylogenetic background enable tracing the evolution of the plant genome that involve changes in: (i) genome sizes; (ii) chromosome numbers and morphology; (iii) the content of repetitive sequences and (iv) ploidy level. Modern cytogenetic approaches such as FISH using chromosome- and genome-specific probes have been widely used in studies of the evolution of diploids and the consequences of polyploidy. Nowadays, modern cytogenetics complements analyses in other fields of cell biology and constitutes the linkage between genetics, molecular biology and genomics.
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spelling pubmed-89531102022-03-26 Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia Senderowicz, Magdalena Trunova, Dana Kolano, Bozena Plants (Basel) Review Cytogenetics constitutes a branch of genetics that is focused on the cellular components, especially chromosomes, in relation to heredity and genome structure, function and evolution. The use of modern cytogenetic approaches and the latest microscopes with image acquisition and processing systems enables the simultaneous two- or three-dimensional, multicolour visualisation of both single-copy and highly-repetitive sequences in the plant genome. The data that is gathered using the cytogenetic methods in the phylogenetic background enable tracing the evolution of the plant genome that involve changes in: (i) genome sizes; (ii) chromosome numbers and morphology; (iii) the content of repetitive sequences and (iv) ploidy level. Modern cytogenetic approaches such as FISH using chromosome- and genome-specific probes have been widely used in studies of the evolution of diploids and the consequences of polyploidy. Nowadays, modern cytogenetics complements analyses in other fields of cell biology and constitutes the linkage between genetics, molecular biology and genomics. MDPI 2022-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8953110/ /pubmed/35336666 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060784 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Borowska-Zuchowska, Natalia
Senderowicz, Magdalena
Trunova, Dana
Kolano, Bozena
Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View
title Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View
title_full Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View
title_fullStr Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View
title_full_unstemmed Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View
title_short Tracing the Evolution of the Angiosperm Genome from the Cytogenetic Point of View
title_sort tracing the evolution of the angiosperm genome from the cytogenetic point of view
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8953110/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35336666
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11060784
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